Shoreline Extraction Using Water Indices for Nautical Chart Assessment: A Case Study of Hua Hin Beach, Thailand
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Abstract
Shoreline change is a crucial indicator of coastal dynamics, impacting maritime navigation, coastal planning, and nautical chart accuracy. In Thailand, traditional hydrographic surveys are limited by time and resources, resulting in outdated shoreline data. This study investigates the use of satellite-based remote sensing and geospatial analysis to assess shoreline change along Hua Hin Beach from 2012 to 2024.
Multi-temporal Landsat imagery from five periods, spaced three years apart, was analyzed using six spectral water indices: NDWI, MNDWI, AWEIsh, AWEInsh, LSWI, and WI2015. The analysis was conducted using Google Earth Engine in combination with the geemap Python API on Google Colab. Shoreline positions extracted with each index were compared to a reference shoreline from Thai nautical chart No.246 (edition 2012), using 430 validation points at 90-meter intervals. Accuracy was evaluated using RMSE and MAE, with WI2015 showing the highest accuracy (RMSE = 7.156 meters).
The best results from WI2015 were used in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to compute shoreline change metrics; EPR, SCE, and NSM, across 380 transects. The results showed accretion in Zones A and E, erosion in Zones B and C, and stability in Zone D. Based on NSM, shoreline change was classified into Stable (<10 m), Moderate (10–50 m), and Significant (>50 m) categories for resurvey prioritization.
This study highlights the effectiveness of integrating satellite-derived water indices with DSAS for monitoring shoreline change and updating nautical charts in coastal zones.
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