Numerical Analysis to Study Thermal Performance of Single Pipe Heat Exchanger Using Combined Technique of Nanofluid and Baffles
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Abstract
To enhance the performance of the thermal system, nanomaterials added with the basic working fluid have gained great attention in recent years as one of the practical solutions. However, to further improve the overall efficiency, common techniques were used, for example, fins and baffles or twisted tape with a nanofluid. The current study involves numerical simulation using the (Ansys Fluent) program to optimize the heat transfer rate and turbulent flow characteristics in a two-dimensional circular tube of a heat exchanger. Common optimization techniques were used, first, the inclusion of baffles with a square configuration along the axis of the fluid flow, and second, the addition of different nanomaterials (Al2O3 and CuO) with the basic working fluid with variable volume fractions (0.2 -1.2%). The surface of the upper and lower tubes is exposed to a uniform constant heat flux of (80 kW/m2). The effect of Reynolds numbers within the ranges (6000-30000) on the thermal characteristics of the heat exchanger tube has been studied numerically. The numerical results found that the heat transfer coefficient gradually increases with increasing Reynolds number ranges, hence the gradual increase in the Nusselt number. Moreover, compared to a smooth tube, the amount of Nusselt number increases using baffles and nanomaterial, where the ratio of the increase to the heat transfer rate when baffles are inserted is (80.82%), but when using nanomaterials (Al2O3 and CuO), respectively, is (83.64 and 82.501). The volume fraction ratios of the nanomaterials improved by the improvement compared to the first material (0, 0.2, 0.7 and 1.2%) appeared (80.82, 83.64, 84.124 and 84.63%) respectively. Finally, the friction factor is affected by the velocity of the fluid, which gradually decreases as the Reynolds number ranges increase.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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