BDF Synthesis using Clamshell as Ecofriendly Catalyst
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Abstract
BDF (Bio-diesel Fuel) is regarded as a kind of SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel) that can be used for diesel engine. The basic method of producing BDF is based on transesterification reaction where vegetable oil reacts with methanol under conditions of proper catalyst and temperature. So far, catalysts such as NaOH, KOH, CaO and H2SO4 have been suggested for BDF synthesis. Though higher BDF yield ratio up to 95% was reached, after treatment of using large quantity of water to wash the remained catalyst out of the produced BDF caused some environmental problems. For example, to produce 900L BDF, usually 60L water is needed. In order to deal with this problem, we have successfully employed eggshell as the ecofriendly catalyst to produce BDF under microwave irradiation. In this case, even water-washing is not applied to BDF-producing process, BDF yield ratio could reach 99.5%. In this paper, we aim to make suggestions of using clamshell to synthesize BDF. Firstly, calm shell is milled and prepared as catalyst. Secondly, it is characterized. Thirdly microwave irradiation based BDF synthesis are conducted under a certain of experimental conditions. Fourthly, The BDF yield ratio is measured. Finally, the physical properties such as density and viscosity are invested. It is found that the BDF ratio could reach 87.98% and the specific gravity was 0.895.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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