ANEMIA IN DOGS: DISEASE CLASSIFICATIONS, SEVERITY, AND CONCURRENT DISEASES IN NORTHEAST THAILAND
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Anemia is a common hematologic abnormality in dogs and may occur in association with various underlying diseases. However, previous studies have described causes of anemia or focused on specific diseases, while information on diseases associated with anemia in dogs remains limited. This retrospective study investigated disease classifications, anemia severity, primary diagnoses, and concurrent diseases in anemic dogs presented to a veterinary teaching hospital in Northeast Thailand. Medical records and hematologic results from January to December 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Dogs with a PCV <37% were considered anemic, and dogs younger than six months of age or with acute blood loss were excluded. Of 4,682 dogs identified, 1,013 (21.6%) were included in the study. Neoplasia was the most common disease classification (24.9%), with mild anemia predominating, followed by vector-borne infectious diseases (20.2%) and CKD (16.6%), in which mild anemia also predominated. Moderate anemia predominated in vector-borne infectious, systemic bacterial infectious, and immune-mediated diseases. Bone marrow disorders had the highest proportions of severe and very severe anemia, and anemia severity differed significantly among disease classifications (p <0.0001). CKD was the most common primary diagnosis (15.8%), followed by ehrlichiosis (9.3%), and concurrent diseases were frequently identified. Overall, the findings demonstrate that anemia severity varies among disease classifications and that concurrent diseases are common in anemic dogs.
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