MINI-SMART MUSHROOM FARM REAL TIME BASED ON IoT

Abstract

          The objectives of this study were to develop a prototype of an automatic mushroom cultivation control system, evaluate its operational performance, and assess user satisfaction. The study began with the design and installation of greenhouse equipment, incorporating sensors to measure temperature, humidity, light, and carbon dioxide, along with fans and water pumps controlled through a customized circuit box based on the Internet of Things (IoT) framework with real-time data processing. Sensor data were transmitted wirelessly via the MQTT protocol to a private cloud system installed on a dedicated server, which functioned as the main platform for data storage, processing, and providing APIs for dashboard integration and visualization. In addition, a cross-platform mobile application was developed to allow users to conveniently control, monitor, and receive notifications remotely. The results revealed that the system achieved 100% accuracy in automated operations according to scheduled times and demonstrated an average accuracy of 98% in remote application control, with a mean response delay of no more than ±2 seconds. Sensor data transmission accuracy exceeded 97%, while measurement accuracy showed an average deviation of ±1.2 °C for temperature, ±3.5% RH for humidity, ±35 ppm for carbon dioxide, and 96% correctness for light intensity compared with standard instruments. A user satisfaction survey conducted with 115 elderly individuals and farmers indicated a high level of satisfaction, with an overall mean score of 4.26, particularly in aspects of installation convenience, ease of control, sensor precision, and overall system stability. The findings highlighted the potential of the proposed prototype to be applied in larger-scale mushroom farms and it could be further developed into a smart agriculture system that would enhance production efficiency while sustainably reduce the workload of farmers.