Smart Egg Incubator and Egg Inspection Using Optical Fiber Technology

Abstract

This article presents the design and development of an automatic egg incubator for controlling temperature, humidity, and automatic egg turning every two hours to improve the incubation system and the hatch rate of eggs over a 22- to 25-day incubation period. This research consists of: 1) maintaining a stable temperature inside the incubator between 37 and 38 degrees Celsius and humidity between 55 and 75 percent using the Wi-Fi ESP8266 module combined with the DS18B20 and DHT22 sensors; 2) the system will notify users of the operational status of the incubator through the Blynk server on the internet and the Line application on smartphones; and 3) It presents a technique for using light from high-intensity LED bulbs via multimode fiber optics to check fertilized and unfertilized eggs, instead of traditional inspection techniques such as floating tests or using tungsten bulbs. This approach reduces the impact of sudden temperature changes in the eggs and minimizes bacterial contamination due to handling, resulting in an increase in hatch rates by approximately 30 percent compared to natural brooding by hens.