The measurement of water level based on parallel-coupled lines with capacitance compensation

Authors

  • Somchat Sonasang Department of Electronic Technology, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, 48000 Thailand https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3261-4547
  • Ravee Phromloungsri Department of Computer and Communication, Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, 41000 Thailand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55674/snrujst.v14i2.245039

Keywords:

Water Level, Parallel-coupled Lines, Capacitance Compensation

Abstract

This paper aimed to measure the water level using parallel-coupled microstrip lines with capacitor compensation. The design and implementation were parallel coupled microstrip lines with capacitor compensation to measure the water level. The technique of parallel-coupled microstrip lines had a coupling coefficient of – 10 dB. The center frequency was 200 MHz, and the compensated capacitor was positioned at ports 3 and 4. The water level was adjusted from 0 to 20 cm in the experiment. The frequency response of the coupling factor was measured from 300 kHz to 2 GHz. The coupling coefficient at 200 MHz was – 11.45 dB at 0 cm water level, where a shift of frequency decreased continuously. This technique was simple to follow, as the sensor was small and inexpensive.

References

A. Nuanon, N. Angkawisittpan, C. Photong, A. Siritaratiwat, Detection of water adulteration in honey using coaxial capacitor sensor, SEJ. 10(2) (2015) 9 – 18.

N. Angkawisittpan, T. Manasri, Determination of sugar content in sugar solutions using interdigital capacitor sensors, Meas. Sci. Rev. 12(1) (2012) 8 – 13.

C. Soemphol, Metamaterial-based microstrip soil moisture sensors, SNRUJST. 10(3) (2018) 165 – 169.

S. Boonkirdram, Development of water levels monitoring system by ZigBee technique, SNRUJST. 9(3) (2017) 599 – 606.

D.M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, fourth ed., John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 2011.

M.T. Shafi, A.K. Jha, M. Akhtar, Nondestructive technique for detection of adulteration in edible oils using planar RF sensor, IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC), New Delhi, India. 5 – 9 December 2016, 1 – 4.

B.D. Wiltshire, M.H. Zarifi, 3-D printing microfluidic channels with embedded planar microwave resonators for RFID and liquid detection, IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett. 29(1) (2019) 65 – 67.

M. Abdolrazzaghi, M. Daneshmand, A.K. Iyer, Strongly enhanced sensitivity in planar microwave sensors based on metamaterial coupling, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. 66(4) (2018) 1843 – 1855.

K. Staszek, I. Piekarz, J. Sorocki, S. Koryciak, K. Wincza, S. Gruszczynski, Low-cost microwave vector system for liquid properties monitoring, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 65(2) (2018)1665 – 1674.

I. Piekarz, J. Sorocki, K. Wincza, S. Gruszczynski, Microwave sensors for dielectric sample measurement based on coupled-line section, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 65(5) (2017) 1615 – 1631.

I. Piekarz, J. Sorocki, K. Wincza, S. Gruszczynski, Coupled-line sensor with Marchand Balun as RF system for dielectric sample detection, IEEE Sens. J. 16(1) (2016) 88 – 96.

S. Sonasang, S. Srisawat, R. Phromloungsri, W. Rattanangam, N. Angkawisittpan, Water level measurement using sensors with microstrip parallel-coupled lines, IEEE 2nd International Conference on Power and Energy Applications (ICPEA), Singapore. 27 – 30 April 2019, 106 – 109.

S.L. March., Phase velocity compensation in parallel-coupled microstrip, IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Dallas, TX, USA. 15 – 17 June 1982, 410 – 412.

I.J. Bahl, Capacitively compensated high performance parallel coupled microstrip filters, IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Long Beach, CA, USA. 13 – 15 June 1989, 679 – 682.

M. Dydyk, Accurate design of microstrip directional couplers with capacitive compensation, IEEE International Digest on Microwave Symposium. Dallas, TX, USA. 8 – 10 May 1990, 581 – 584.

R. Phromloungsri, M. Chongcheawchamnan, I.D. Robertson. Inductively compensated parallel-coupled microstrip lines and their applications, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 54(9) (2006) 3571 – 3582.

S. Sonasang, N. Angkawisittpan, Design of microstrip parallel-coupled lines with high directivity using symmetric-centered inductors, Appl. Comput. Electromagn. Soc. J. 36(6) (2021) 657 – 653.

Downloads

Published

2022-05-01

How to Cite

Sonasang, S., & Phromloungsri , R. . (2022). The measurement of water level based on parallel-coupled lines with capacitance compensation. Creative Science, 14(2), 245039. https://doi.org/10.55674/snrujst.v14i2.245039

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 2 (2022): SNRU JST (May - August 2022)

Section

Research Article

License

Copyright (c) 2022 SNRU Journal of Science and Technology

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.