Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cement Mortar mixed with Recycled Spent Coffee Grounds
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examined the mechanical and physical characteristics of mortar that contains coffee grounds at volume percentages of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 70, 90, and 100% in place of sand. The mortar's water content, flow, and control flow rate were tested at 110 ± 5 percent. The mortar's compressive strength was tested at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of curing age. The effects of mixing the coffee grounds mortar were seen using a 500x Optical microscope to acquire the results. According to the test results, the combination needed more water when coffee grounds were used in place of sand. The water consumption of the mortar increased by 4.43% and 44.83%, respectively, when coffee grounds were substituted for sand. According to the strength test results, the rate at which the compressive strength of each mixture developed rose by 5.72% when 30% coffee grounds were added, and it fell by 11.29% when 100% coffee grounds were added. Further improvement of the combination is necessary because the compressive strength tended to decline and there was little strength development. Depending on the amount of coffee grounds, the mortar’s unit weight tends to reduce by 6.51 to 30.52 percent as the coffee grounds content rises. The uniform distribution of coffee grounds throughout the mortar sample was demonstrated by the Optical microscope images.
Article Details
References
Kim, J., & Lee, S., “Study of recycled spent coffee grounds as aggregates in cementitious materials,” Recent Progress in Materials, vol.5, no.1, pp.1-23, 2023.
Saberian, Mohammad, Jie Li, Anita Donnoli, Ethan Bonderenko, Paolo Oliva, Bailey Gill, Simon Lockrey, and Rafat Siddique., “Recycling of spent coffee grounds in construction materials: A review,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol.289:125837, 2021.
Paul McClure, “Waste coffee grounds make concrete 30% stronger” [Online]. Available: https://newatlas.com/materials/waste-coffee-grounds-make-concrete-30-percent-stronger/.
Natthaphong Tantiwattanaphan, “Coffee grounds from coffee cups to the concept of circular economy for bio-products,” Environmental Journal, vol.23, no.1, pp.1-8, 2019 (in Thai).
Bomfim, A. S. C. D., De Oliveira, D. M., Walling, E., Babin, A., Hersant, G., Vaneeckhaute, C., ... & Rodrigue, D., “Spent coffee grounds characterization and reuse in composting and soil amendment.” In Waste, vol.1, no.1, pp. 2-20. MDPI, 2022.
Atabani, A. E., Mercimek, S. M., Arvindnarayan, S., Shobana, S., Kumar, G., Cadir, M., & Al-Muhatseb, A. A. H., “Valorization of spent coffee grounds recycling as a potential alternative fuel resource in Turkey: An experimental study,” Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, vol.68, no.3, pp. 196-214, 2018.
Mahmoud, E., Atabani, A. E., & Badruddin, I. A., “Valorization of spent coffee grounds for biogas production: A circular bioeconomy approach for a biorefinery,” Fuel, vol.328, 125296, 2022.
Atabani, A. E., Mahmoud, E., Aslam, M., Naqvi, S. R., Juchelková, D., Bhatia, S. K., ... & Palacky, P., “Emerging potential of spent coffee ground valorization for fuel pellet production in a biorefinery,” Environment, Development and Sustainability, vol.25, no.8, pp.7585-7623, 2023.
Roychand, R., Kilmartin-Lynch, S., Saberian, M., Li, J., Zhang, G., & Li, C. Q., “Transforming spent coffee grounds into a valuable resource for the enhancement of concrete strength,” Journal of cleaner production, vol.419, 138205, 2023.
American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM C150/C150M-17, Standard Specification for Portland Cement. Annual Book of ASTM Standard, 2017.
American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM C778 Standard Specification for Standard Sand, Standard Specification for Standard Sand. Annual Book of ASTM Standard.
American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM C188 Standard Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement, Annual Book of ASTM Standard.
American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM C128, Standard Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Fine Aggregate, Annual Book of ASTM Standard, 2015.
American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM Standard C230/C230M, Standard specification for flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement, Annual Book of ASTM Standard, 2008.
American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM C109/C109M Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars, Annual Book of ASTM Standard, 2016.
American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM C1437-07 Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar, Annual Book of ASTM Standard, 2015.
Feng, M., Wang, Z., & Wu, L., “Experimental study on high-strength concrete, ultrahigh-strength concrete and corresponding mortar under triaxial compression,” Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, vol.46, no.11, pp.11179-11194, 2021.
Moussa, T., Maalouf, C., Ghanem, A., Bliard, C., Abbes, B., Badouard, C., ... & Polidori, G., “Physicomechanical and Hygrothermal charac-terization of a sugarcane waste/spent coffee grounds composite for buildings,” Waste and Biomass Valorization, vol.15, no.9, pp.5431-5443, 2024.
Chen, Z., Wen, H., Shao, J., Su, L., He, Y., & Li, Y., “Evaluate on shrinkage deformation and internal curing mechanism in low water-to-cement ratio cement mortar modified with recycled spent coffee grounds,” Construction and Building Materials, vol.493, 143167, 2025.
Na, S., Lee, S., & Youn, S., “Experiment on activated carbon manufactured from waste coffee grounds on the compressive strength of cement mortars,” Symmetry, vol.13, no.4, pp.619, 2021.
Yee, J. J., Khong, S. C., Tee, K. F., & Chin, S. C., “Physical and mechanical properties of spent coffee grounds (SCG) in concrete,” Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, vol.28, no.4, pp.843-858, 2024.
Shahid, K. A., Ganesh, V., & Ghazali, N., “The incorporation of spent coffee grounds as an additive in cement ventilation blocks,” Open Civ Eng J. DOI: 10.2174/0118741495286280240206073611, 2024, 18, e18741495286280, 2024.
Nasr, Y., El Zakhem, H., Hamami, A. E. A., El Bachawati, M., & Belarbi, R., “Comprehensive review of innovative materials for sustainable buildings’ energy performance,” Energies, vol.16, no.21, 7440, 2023.
