THE CHEMICAL COMPONENT OF COSCINIUM FENESTUM (HAMM) STEM EXTRACTION AND THE REDUCTION EFFICACY OF PESTICIDE CHLORPYRIFOS RESIDUE IN YARD LONG BEAN (VIGNA UNGUICULATA).

Abstract

Reduction of pesticide from vegetables using natural plant extract is the alternative way as environment friendly. This research aimed to study the efficacy of Coscinium fenestum (Hamm) stem extraction on reducing chlorpyrifos residue in yard long bean and its chemical components. The Hamm stems were chopped and extracted by maceration method. The supernatant was concentrated using a rotary evaporator and freeze dry. The crude extract was extended to various concentrations by water and used for washing the chlorpyrifos residue in yard long beans. The toxicant residue was detected by the GT-Test kit for organophosphate-carbamate pesticide group. The quantity of chlorpyrifos residue in yard long bean was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS). The results showed that ethanoic extraction gave the highest ability to reduce the toxicant residue. In contrast, extraction with water is a convenient and environment friendly method. Moreover, Hamm extraction with water yielded a higher product than ethanoic extraction at 1.80 and 9.72 %w/w, respectively. The results found that ethanoic extraction 45% w/v at 48 hours of maceration with 10 minutes of washing had the highest efficacy to reduce chlorpyrifos residue. The GT-test kit cannot detect the toxicant residue and the chlorpyrifos residue detected by GC-MS revealed the reduction quantity of chlorpyrifos with efficacy at 99.02%. The most chemical components in Hamm extraction were Oleyl Alcohol from ethanoic extraction and 2,3-Butylene glycol in water extraction. Berberine detection was found in Hamm ethanoic extraction higher than that of water extraction at the same concentration.