Properties of Pervious Geopolymer Concrete Made from High-calcium Fly Ash Containing Calcium Carbide Residue
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research aims to study the properties of Pervious Geopolymer Concrete (PGC) by using Fly Ash (FA) and Calcium Carbide Residue (CCR) as a precursor and a promoter, respectively to develop the properties of PGC. The CCR was used to replace FA at the dosages of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight of a binder. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solutions were used as the liquid portion in the mixtures. The Na2SiO3-to-NaOH ratio of 2.0, coarse aggregate-to-binder ratio of 8.0, and alkali liquid/binder (L/B) ratio of 0.50 were used in all mixes. The different ratio of NaOH concentrations was at 5, 10, and 15 molar to test on the compressive strength, flexural strength, density, total void ratio, and water permeability coefficient of the PGCs. The test results found that the use of FA with CCR could enhance the compressive and flexural strengths of PGCs. A mixture of 10%CCR and 15M of concentrated NaOH mixed with 0.50 of L/B ratio gave the highest of 28-curing day compressive strength of PCGs, which was 79.41 ksc. Moreover, the void ratio and permeability coefficient at 28-curing days varied between 30.80–32.65% and 2.17–3.16 cm/s, respectively.
Article Details
The articles published are the opinion of the author only. The author is responsible for any legal consequences. That may arise from that article.
References
[2] T. Phoo-ngernkham, S. Hanjitsuwan, C. Suksiripattanapong, J. Thumrongvut, J. Suebsuk, and S. Sookasem, “Flexural strength ofnotched concrete beam filled with alkali activated binders under different types of alkali solutions,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 127, pp. 673–678, 2016.
[3] J. Davidovits, “Geopolymers: Inorganic polymeric new materials,” Journal of Thermal Analysis, vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 1633–1656, 1991.
[4] S. Pangdaeng, T. Phoo-ngernkham, V. Sata, and P. Chindaprasirt, “Influence of curing conditions on properties of high calcium fly ash geopolymer containing Portland cement as additive,” Materials & Design, vol. 53, pp. 269–274, 2014.
[5] P. Chindaprasirt, T. Chareerat, and V. Sirivivatnanon, “Workability and strength of coarse high calcium fly ash geopolymer,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 224–229, 2007.
[6] S. Hanjitsuwan, T. Phoo-ngernkham, L.Y. Li, N. Damrongwiriyanupap, and P. Chindaprasirt, “Strength development and durability of alkaliactivated fly ash mortar with calcium carbide residue as additive,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 162, pp. 714–723, 2018.
[7] S. Hanjitsuwan, T. Phoo-ngernkham, and N. Damrongwiriyanupap, “Comparative study using portland cement and calcium carbide residue as a promoter in bottom ash geopolymer mortar,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 133, pp. 128–134, 2017.
[8] T. Phoo-ngernkham, P. Chindaprasirt, V. Sata, S. Pangdaeng, and T. Sinsiri, “Properties of high calcium fly ash geopolymer containing portland cement additive,” International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 214–220, 2013.
[9] C. Namarak, W. Tangchirapat, and C. Jaturapitakkul, “Bar-concrete bond in mixes containing calcium car bide residue, fly ash and recycled concrete aggregate,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 89, pp. 31–40, 2008.
[10] N. Makaratat, C. Jaturapitakkul, C. Namarak, and V. Sata, “Effects of binder and CaCl2 contents on the strength of calcium carbide residue-fly ash concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 33, pp. 436–443, 2011.
[11] S. Horpibulsuk, C. Phetchuay, A. Chinkulkijniwat, and A. Cholaphatsorn, “Strength development in silty clay stabilized with calcium carbide residue and fly ash,” Soils and Foundations, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 477–486, 2013.
[12] Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens, Annual Book of ASTM Standard ASTM C39, 2001.
[13] Standard test method for flexural strength of concrete (using simple beam with third-point loading), Annual Book of ASTM Standard ASTM C78, 2010.
[14] Standard test method for density and void content of freshly mixed pervious concrete, Annual Book of ASTM Standard ASTM C1688/C1688-08, 2013.
[15] Y. Zaetang, A. Wongsa, V. Sata, and P. Chindaprasirt, “Use of lightweight aggregates in pervious concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 48, pp. 585–591, 2013.
[16] A. Palomo, M. T. Blanco-Varela, M. L. Granizo, F. Puertas, T. Vazquez, and M.W. Grutzeck, “Chemical stability of cementitious materials based on metakaolin,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 997–1004, 1999.
[17] Z. Zuhua, Y. Xiao, Z. Huajun, and C. Yue, “Role of water in the synthesis of calcined kaolinbased geopolymer,” Applied Clay Science, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 218–223, 2009.
[18] W. K. W. Lee and J. S. J. Van Deventer, “The effects of inorganic salt contamination on the strength and durability of geopolymers,” Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, vol. 211, no. 2–3, pp. 115–126, 2002.
[19] Report on Pervious Concrete, American Concrete Institute Standard ACI 522R-10, 2010.
[20] B. Debnath and P.P. Sarkar, “Permeability prediction and pore structure feature of pervious concrete using brick as aggregate,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 213, pp. 643–651, 2019.
