Spatial and Temporal Variation of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations in Pattaya City, Chon Buri Province
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Abstract
Breathing in raised levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations can increase the likelihood of specific health effects. The main source of this kind of pollutant gas is attributed to the traffic-related vehicle emission. This research aims to monitor ambient NO2 concentrations during the winter and summer seasons in 4 targeted areas including the commercial areas, high density residential areas, low density residential areas and representative background sites of Pattaya city, Chon Buri province. NO2 samples were collected by the tube-type passive sampling technique, carried out during November 2017 to April 2018, operated at the weekly exposure time. The nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations within the 4 aforesaid areas were revealed to range from 9.80–41.71, 8.36–29.01, 8.06–21.86 and 5.14–27.19 ppbv, respectively. The NO2 concentrations within commercial areas were significantly higher than those derived from the counterpart ones (p<0.05). This is in part due to traffic-impacted conditions affected by emerging hotels, businesses, restaurants and entertainment venues. The levels of ambient NO2 concentrations were not significantly influenced by seasons. In terms of a meteorological parameter, a significantly negative correlation was observed between NO2 concentrations and wind speed (r = –0.498 to –0.625), while a positive one was uncovered between NO2 values and relative humidity (r = 0.422 to 0.600). In brief, spatial and temporal variations in atmospheric NO2 are largely attributable to traffic density parameters rather than the periodic changes of meteorological factors.
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