Study of Solidification Shrinkage Behavior in Cast Irons by Linear Displacement Method
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research aims to study the solidification behavior in Gray Iron (GI), Compacted Graphite Iron (CGI) and Ductile Iron (DI). In order to achieve this goal, the special equipment was devised by applying a linear displacement method. The equipment consisted of spherical additive-manufactured sand molds encased in steel jackets. The jackets were equipped with a thermocouple and quartz rod (connected to the LVDT) to record the temperature and the displacement simultaneously. Irons with various Carbon Equivalent (CE) 3.7, 4.0, 4.3 and 4.6 were produced for this experiment. It was found that the contraction and the expansion behaviors of three types of cast irons exhibited slight differences. The graphite expansion and graphite expansion time increased with increasing carbon equivalent ranged from 0.2–1.8 mm and 230–450 s respectively. In addition, the austenite shrinkage was observed for some conditions at CE lower than 4.3. No significant difference was seen between types of irons.
Article Details
The articles published are the opinion of the author only. The author is responsible for any legal consequences. That may arise from that article.
References
[2] W. A. Schmidt, E. Sullivan, and H. F. Taylor, “Risering of gray iron castings,” Trans AFS, vol. 62, pp. 70–77, 1954.
[3] Y. Zou, “Influence of mold material and CE value on shrinkage of spherical graphite cast iron,” in Proceeding of the 70th World Foundry Congress, Mexico, April 2012, pp. 11.
[4] D. M. Stefanescu, “Production of vermicular graphite cast irons by operative control and correction of graphite shape,” in Proceeding of the 46th international Foundry Congress CIATF, Spain, October 1979, pp. 37.
[5] Z. Gedeonova, “Displacement on the surface mould and metal during the solidification of nodular graphite iron casting,” Material Science Forum, vol. 2, pp. 391–398, 1995.
[6] M. Chisamera, I. Riposan, S. Stan, P. Toboc, T. Skaland, and D. White, “Shrinkage evaluation in ductile iron as influenced by mould media and inoculant type,” International journal of cast metals, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 28–36, 2011.
[7] P. Svidro and A. Dioszeg, “On problems of volume change measurements in lamellar cast iron,” International Journal of Cast Metals Research, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 26-37, 2013.
[8] G. Alonso, D. M. Stefanescu, R. Suarez, and G. Zarrabeitia, “Understanding graphite expansion during the eutectic solidification of cast iron through combined linear displacement and thermal analysis,” International Foundry Research, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 1–12, January 2014.
[9] D. M . Stefanescu, M. Moran, and S. Boonmee, “The use of combined liquid displacement and cooling curve analysis in understanding the solidification of cast iron,” in AFS Proceedings, 2012, pp. 365–374.
[10] G. L. Rivera, R.E. Boeri, and J.A. Sikora, “Solidification of gray cast iron,” Scripta Materialia, vol. 50, pp. 331–335, 2013.
[11] A. Dioszegi and I. L. Svensson, “On the problems of thermal analysis of solidification,” Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 413, pp. 474-479, 2016.