STUDY OF COMPOST QUALITY USING ITS PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYTOTOXICITY ON BRASSICA RAPA SUBSP. PEKINENSIS
Keywords:
Compost, Germination index, Physicochemical properties, Humic acid, Chinese cabbageAbstract
This research studied the compost quality using its physicochemical characteristics and phytotoxicity on Brassica rapa subsp. Pekinensis. Compost derived from porcine manure and bovine manure mixed with fine bran, fish fermentation, and bat manure in the percentage ratio of 53.85, 37.50, 4.56, 3.15, and 0.94, respectively, was prepared and kept under the shed in 10 air-flow bags. During composting, a short period of high temperature was observed within 14 days. Nevertheless, changing of compost quality was observed throughout the entire study. Organic matters (OM) decreased with time as same as the C/N ratio (r =-0.506 & -0.795, respectively P<0.01) responding to the increasing of electrical conductivity (EC) (r = 0.821, P<0.01) through mineralization process. A high humic acid (HA) content at the beginning stage coming from the initial materials corresponded with the stability of humic structure as shown by the high optical density (E280/E465). The decreasing of E280/E465 during the composting indicated the humification process responding to the more aliphatic structures at 465 nm while unsaturated structures of raw materials at 280 nm decreasing.The germination index (GI)also indicated that during 21-49 days, the compost was appropriate to use without phytotoxicity but if mixing the compost too long till 63 days, the EC would be too high exceeding the Department of Agriculture’s Thai standard of fertilizer and lower GI from too much salt.Therefore, study the compost’s physicochemical characteristics together with its phytotoxicity would help determining compost quality which would be beneficial for compost management and selecting the appropriate duration to effectively use.
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