PSRU Journal of Science and Technology

BIOGAS UPGRADING THROUGH SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY APPROACHES

Noppadol Panchan — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This article presents on the utilization of synthetic biology in the process of biogas upgrading, through the integration of interdisciplinary fields such as genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, engineered microbial consortia, and system biology. The aim is to develop computer-based models that aid in comprehending the intricate interactions among microorganisms involved in biogas production. Furthermore, these models serve as a tool for designing optimized microbial communities that enhance the efficiency of biogas production. The significance of synthetic biology lies in its capacity to propel technological advancements and promote the realization of a sustainable bio-based economy.

บทบรรณาธิการ

Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

บทบรรณาธิการ

สารบัญ

Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

สารบัญ

A STUDY OF UNIAXIAL DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF METAL WIRE USING SMART PHONE

Vilaiporn Luksameevanish; Pensri Pramookul, Suphachai Phettakua, Panupan Singsa — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research is aimed to study the deformation under the uniaxial tensile test of a metal wire with a mobile phone running on the iOS system and recording rate of 60 frames per second. The recorded images were analyzed for positions, changing with time up to theirs breaking points, using the Tracker program 6. The relationship of force and deformed length were then evaluated on the Microsoft Excel Sheets. The results showed that the kits could be employed as an instruction medium for learning about material deformation. The analyzed results, at constant the deformation rate of 50 cm/min, showed an increasing of tensile strength and strain at break depending on the initial wire length of 5–20 cm. The tensile strength increased from 2.5 GPa to 5.1 GPa while the strain a break increased from 1.15 to 2.56.
At a constant wire length of 5 cm, it was found at the elastic range of the wire didn’t depend on deformation rate and it was about 20 percent. These elastic ranges rapidly increased to 35 percent when their initial length increased from 10 to 50 cm, whereas the Young’s modulus of material decreased from 1.4 GPa to 0.8 GPa. The resulting images and their analyzed data are suitable for using as learning media on the elastic properties of the materials for middle and high school levels.

THE EFFECT OF SUNN HEMP FLOWER TEA CONTENTS ON TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FERMENTED TEA

Phakamas Jullsri; Napapach Chainamoom, Napharporn Wetchakama — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of Sunn hemp flower tea contents on total antioxidant capacity and characteristics during Sunn hemp flower tea fermentation process, as well as sensory testing of Sunn hemp flower tea fermented products. The experiment was conducted by varying the amount of Sunn hemp flower tea at 10, 30 and 50 g/l. The results showed that the optimal amount of Sunn hemp flower tea for Sunn hemp flower tea fermentation was 10 g/l, which the antioxidant capacity was significantly increased (P<0.05) during the 7 days of fermentation and had the highest inhibition capacity of 0.49 mg TE/ml at 21 days of fermentation. While the total titratable acidity (% acetic acid) was increased and pH decreased during the fermentation process, total soluble solids tended to decrease and the number of bacteria and yeast were increased at the 7 days. In addition, the results on color values of Sunn hemp flower tea fermented revealed L* (lightness value) were decreased and b* (yellow value) were increased in the initial tea as rise in the amount of tea. But no significant changes in color values were observed during the fermentation process. The sensory testing of Sunn hemp flower tea fermented by untrained subjects found the highest overall acceptability score of 7.13 in Sunn hemp flower tea content of 10 g/l. Therefore, these experiment data on Sunn hemp flower tea fermented content of 10 g/l could be used for developing fermented tea beverages in the future.

AN EXPERIMENT TO MEASURE THE HALF-LIFE OF RC CIRCUIT USING TINKERCAD PROGRAM

Anucha Kaewpoonsuk, Narongrit Maneejiraprakarn, Pongsak Khokhuntod — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The research article presents the application of the Tinkercad program, specifically its Circuits sub-program, for examining the operational characteristics of RC circuits. This work focuses on the circuit's transient response, utilizing a time reference within the program for timekeeping in the experiments. The experiment outlined in the article is divided into three parts. The first part of the experiment aimed to measure the voltage across the capacitor in relation to time and the used capacitance. This part confirms the property of changing the exponential function of the voltage across the capacitor. The second part of the experiment focused on measuring the half-life of the circuit in comparison to the supply voltage and the used capacitance. The results of this experiment confirm that the initial voltage value of the capacitor does not affect the circuit's half-life time. For the third part of the experiment, we measured the circuit's half-life time to analyze its electrical capacity by varying the resistance in the circuit. From the electrical capacity measurement experiment results, we found that the maximum error was equal to 1%. Guidelines for using the research include experimental models and circuit-building techniques for teaching topics related to RC circuits. It can also be modified to create a capacitance measurement system for capacitance sensors.

THE STUDY AND DESIGN OF DRINKING WATER METER FOR CHICKENS DISPLAYED THROUGH IOT SYSTEM

Wisit Mahanil; Kanitta Promphueak, Wuttiphat Songprathipkun, Aimon Wanaek — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to study and design a water-drinking meter for chickens, displaying results through an IoT system (DWMCs). The device is created using a microcontroller to control pressure-sensing sensors for measuring water volume. Data is presented through the Internet of Things (IoT) using NETPIE's Cloud Platform service. Testing the DWMCs compared to standard meters in measuring water volume in a laboratory setting revealed an average percentage error of 1.32%. This indicates that the DWMCs have a low percentage error in measuring water volume and can be used to test chicken drinking behavior. In practical application tests, measuring chicken water consumption using DWMCs compared to standard meters showed an average percentage error of 1.35%. The research concludes that DWMCs can be applied for beneficial measuring chicken water consumption, and users can monitor chicken drinking behavior through the internet at any time.

GROWING CHINESE MUSTARD GREENS HYDROPONICALLY USING ARTIFICIAL LIGHT FROM LED BULBS

Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research presents the design and construction of a hydroponic plant by comparing the growth between sunlight and artificial light from red and blue LEDs during daylight hours. The duration for planting is 5 weeks. The plants taken in this experiment were Chinese mustard greens. The results found that greenhouses for cultivating Chinese mustard greens using sunlight and artificial light are controlled in accordance with standard measuring equipment. Plants grown using LED artificial light grow better than plants grown with sunlight because
the intensity of sunlight is unstable and insufficient to meet the needs of plants. As the weather conditions fluctuate, the planted plants do not grow fully. Growing plants using controlled LED bulbs can replace sunlight for growing plants when there is little sunlight.

DETERMANATION OF MAJOR PESTICIDE AND EFFICIENCY OF WASHING FOR ORANGE (SAI NAM PHUENG) SAMPLE

Paklao Phoomyai; Worapoj Saenboonma — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to determine the qualitative and quantitative of the pesticide residues in Sai Nam Phueng oranges and investigated the efficiency of four washing methods. The washing methods included soaking water, saline, vinegar and sodium carbonate, respectively. The extracted samples by QuEChERS method were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/ Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/ Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques. The 3 groups of pesticide residues were found, 1) Ethion and Profenofos of Organophosphate groups, 2) 3-Hydroxy Carbofuran, Fenobucarb and Carbofuran of Carbamate groups and 3) Bifenthrin, Cyfluthrin and L-Cyhalothrin of Pyrethroid groups. The significant was differed of the 4 washing methods effectiveness was showed at p 0.05. Sodium carbonate washing method was the most effective regarded to eliminate pesticide residues of organophosphate group. Saline washing was showed the most effective for carbamate group and vinegar washing method was most suitable for pyrethroid group. The results of analyzing the efficiency of four washing methods were specified to pesticide residues, which can be selected before consumption.

THE EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC VECTOR POTENTIALS ON ABSORBING POLARIZED LIGHT IN A TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON GAS

Suphawich Jindanate, Attapon Amthong — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

In this work, a two-dimensional electron gas system under a uniform magnetic field is studied. This field is described by three vector potentials: Symmetric gauge, Landau gauge X and Landau gauge Y. The aim of this research is to compare the optical properties calculated using these three vector potentials. After solving the Schrödinger equation analytically, it is found that using all three vector potentials results in positive oscillator strengths for energy absorption and negative oscillator strength values for energy emission. In addition, it is found that the light absorption coefficients calculated from these three vector potentials are identical; the highest values of the absorption coefficients exhibit a blue shift behavior when the magnetic field increases. However, the absorption coefficients from these three vector potentials can be calculated at particular different angles of polarized light. This study provides an understanding of the behavior of each form of vector potentials that affects the optical properties, which can be used to select the appropriate vector potentials for other interested systems. It can also be applied in the design of controlling the optical properties of modern electronic devices by tuning magnetic fields.