Preparation of Eco-friendly Blended Bioplastic Film between Blend of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Cellulose Extracted from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn Stalk
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Abstract
This research aims to prepare the eco-friendly blended biofilm between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and cellulose (CL) isolated from the Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn stalk using sodium hydroxide. Then, the stalk fiber was bleached treatment with hydrogen peroxide. The highest cellulose content was archived at 21.47±1.53 % w/w of dry lotus stalk. The blended biofilms at different weight ratios i.e., 90:10 (PVA-CL10) 80:20 (PVA-CL20) 70:30 (PVA-CL30) 60:40 (PVA-CL40) and 50:50 (PVA-CL50) were prepared by solution-casting method. The result of structural analysis by the FT-IR technique indicated that the CL extraction process mentioned above efficiently eliminated hemicellulose and lignin components from lotus fiber. The result of a film morphology study using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) indicated that the surface characteristic of films became rougher when the amount of CL increased. The water absorption and water vapor permeability testing showed that the water absorption of PVA-CL films at all ratios decreased compared to the PVA control film. The percent water absorption of PVA-CL films increased with the enhancement of CL content, while the water vapor transmission (WVTR) rate decreased. The highest percent water absorption (97.49 ± 0.29) and WVTR (358 g/hr. m2) were achieved from PVA-CL50 and PVA-CL10 films, respectively. In addition, the result of the biodegradability analysis indicated that PVA-CL films with a high content of CL possess good biodegradability corresponding to the water absorption property of the film.
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