Development of Eco-Friendly Shell-Based Clay Products: Influence of Surface Coatings on Physical Properties and Durability
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Abstract
This research aims to investigate the physical properties and durability of eco-friendly clay sculptures incorporating waste shells using different surface coatings. The study addresses the vulnerability of flour-based clay jewelry and souvenirs to moisture damage and fungal growth. The experimental procedure began with preparing clay specimens from a mixture of glutinous rice flour, cornstarch, and mussel shell powder, followed by molding, drying, and surface coating with acrylic lacquer, epoxy resin, and polyurethane. The specimens were subsequently evaluated for color properties, surface wettability via contact angle measurements, and durability through simulated practical use. The results indicated that all three surface coatings effectively increased the water contact angle on the specimen surfaces, thereby reducing wettability. Polyurethane-coated specimens exhibited the highest contact angle of 86 degrees, demonstrating the lowest wettability. Although the polyurethane coating slightly decreased the lightness value (L*), resulting in a darker appearance compared to other coatings, it significantly enhanced durability by reducing specimen damage by 40 % after 15 minutes of cleaning under ultrasonic waves compared to uncoated samples. Consequently, the application of surface coatings effectively improves moisture resistance and preserves the quality of shell-based clay products.
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