EXTRACTION CONDITIONS ON A CRUDE SULFATED POLYSACCHARIDE EXTRACT CONTENT, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF CAULERPA LENTILLIFERA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/lsej.2024.36Keywords:
Caulerpa lentillifera, crude sulfated polysaccharide extract, standard antioxidant agentsAbstract
Caulerpa lentillifera is a type of seaweed that benefits the consumer's health, so its price is quite high. Then, C. lentillifera is encouraged to be commercially cultivated. This study focused on the extraction of crude sulfated polysaccharide extract from C. lentillifera (SFPS), which is a bioactive compound. The study examined the extraction conditions of SFPS using different ratios of C. lentillifera to water (1:5, 1:10, and 1:15) and different extraction times (30, 60, and 90 minutes). The results showed that a ratio of 1:10 and an extraction time of 60 minutes were optimal conditions for obtaining the highest values of yield, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity (using the ABTS and DPPH methods). These values were about 0.85±0.10%, 31.99±0.46 mg GAE/g extract, 44.19±1.51% inhibition of the ABTS method, and 30.55±1.30% inhibition of the DPPH method, respectively (p≤0.05). The proximate analysis of SFPS revealed moisture, protein, fat, and ash contents of approximately 2.37±0.18, 1.49±0.18, 0.17±0.03 and 12.23±0.06%, respectively. The SFPS had a phenolic compound content of 31.99±0.46 mg GAE/g extract, and exhibited antioxidation activities of 44.19±1.51% inhibition by the ABTS method and 30.55±1.30% inhibition by the DPPH method (p≤0.05). Comparing the antioxidation activities among SFPS and standard antioxidant agents such as gallic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), the % inhibition by ABTS and DPPH methods could be ordered from highest to lowest as follows: BHT, gallic acid, and SFPS, respectively.
References
AOAC. Official method of analysis (17th ed.). Washington, DC: Association of the Official Analytical Chemists. (2000).
Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML, Plaza M. Water as green extraction solvent: Principles and reasons for its use. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2017;5:31-36.
Chattopadhyay K, Mandal P, Lerouge P, Driouich A, Ghosal P, Ray B. Sulphated polysaccharides from Indian samples of Enteromorpha compressa (Ulvales, Chlorophyta): Isolation and structural features. Food Chemistry 2007;104:928-935.
Chen L, Wang Y, Yang H, Li H, Xu W, Chen G, Zhu H. Physicochemical characterization, antioxidant and immunostimulatory activities of sulfated polysaccharides extracted from Ascophyllum nodosum. Molecules 2018;23(8):1912.
Ciancia M, Fernández PV, Leliaert F. Diversity of sulfated polysaccharides from cell walls of coenocytic green algae and their structural relationships in view of green algal evolution. Frontiers in Plant Science 2020;11,554585.
Figueroa FA, Abdala-Díaz RT, Pérez C, Casas-Arrojo V, Nesic A, Tapia C, et al. Sulfated polysaccharide extracted from the green algae Codium bernabei: physicochemical characterization and antioxidant, anticoagulant and antitumor activity. Marine Drugs 2022;20:458.
Honwichit O, Ruengsaengrob P, Buathongjan C, Charoensiddhi S. Influence of extraction methods on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide extracts from discarded sea grape (Caulerpa lentillifera). Journal of Fisheries and Environment 2022;46(1):169-179.
Jiksing C, Ongkudon MM, Thien VY, Rodrigues KF, Yong WTL. Recent advances in seaweed seedling production: a review of eucheumatoids and other valuable seaweeds. Algae 2022;37:105-121.
Lu J, Brown JS, Boughner EC, Liotta CL, Eckert CA. Solvatochromic characterization of near-critical water as a benign reaction medium. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2002;41:2835-2841.
Manok S, Limcharoen P. Investigating antioxidant activity by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assay and total phenolic compounds of herbal extracts in Ya-Hom Thepphachit. Advanced Science 2015;15(1): 106-117.
Martysiak-Zurowska D, Wenta W. A comparison of ABTS and DPPH methods for accessing the total antioxidant capacity of human milk. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria 2012;11(1):83-89.
Mišurcová L, Orsavová J, Ambrožová JV. Algal polysaccharides and health. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research 2012;66:75-145.
Mollah MZI, Khan MA, Khan RA. Effect of gamma irradiated sodium alginate on red amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) as growth promoter. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 2009;78(1):61-64.
Mousavian Z, Safavi M, Azizmohseni F, Hadizadeh M, Mirdamadi S. Characterization, antioxidant and anticoagulant properties of exopolysaccharide from marine microalgae.AMB Express 2022;12:27.
Nagahawatta DP, Liyanage NM, Jayawardena TU, Yang F, Jayawardena HHACK, Kurera MJMS, et al. Functions and values of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed. Algae 2023;38(4):217-240.
Nwude DO, Osamudiamen PM, Enessy SM. Phytochemical investigation of Mezoneuron benthamianum Baill, isolation, in vitro antioxidant, alpha-amylase inhibition, and in silico modelling studies. South African Journal of Botany 2024;165:256-237.
Phetchaburi Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Center. Cultivation and processing of grape seaweed, 2019. Available at: https://www4.fisheries.go.th/local/file_document/20190619091640 _1_file.pdf. Accessed June 13, 2024.
Richter BE, Jones BA, Ezzell JL, Porter NL, Avdalovic N, Pohl C. Accelerated solvent extraction: a technique for sample preparation. Analytical Chemistry 1996;68:1033-1039.
Rodríguez-Jasso RM, Mussatto SI, Pastrana L, Aguilar CN, Teixeira JA. Extraction of sulfated polysaccharides by autohydrolysis of brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus. Journal of Applied Phycology 2013;25:31-39.
Rormwong T, Sakpetch P, Choojit S, Kanjan P. Extraction of sulfated polysaccharide from red seaweed (Gracilaria fisheri) and growth promotion of probiotic bacteria. Burapha Science Journal 2023;28(2):752-771.
Srimongkol P, Songserm P, Kuptawach K, Puthong S, Sangtanoo P, Thitiprasert S, et al. Sulfated polysaccharides derived from marine microalgae, Synechococcus sp. VDW, inhibit the human colon cancer cell line Caco-2 by promoting cell apoptosis via the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Algal Research 2023;69:102919.
Sun Y, Liu Z, Song S, Zhu B, Zhao L, Jiang J, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity and structural identification of a sulfated polysaccharide CLGP4 from Caulerpa lentillifera. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2020;146:931-938.
Tesvichian S, Sangtanoo P, Srimongkol P, Saisavoey T, Buakeaw A, Puthong S, et al. Sulfated polysaccharides from Caulerpa lentillifera: Optimizing the process of extraction, structural characteristics, antioxidant capabilities, and anti-glycation properties. Heliyon 2024;10:e24444.
Usman A, Khalid S, Usman A, Hussain Z, Wang Y. Chapter 5 - Algal polysaccharides, novel application, and outlook. In Zia KM, Zuber M, Ali M. (Eds.), Algae based polymers, blends, and composites. Netherlands: Elsevier; 2017:115-153.
Wang W-N, Li T, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wu HL. Exopolysaccharides from the energy microalga strain. Foods 2022;11(1):110.
Yang MY, Kim MS. Phylogeography of the economic seaweeds Chondrus (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) in the northwest Pacific based on rbcL and COI-5P genes. Algae 2022;37:135-147.
Yu F, Li H, Meng Y, Yang D. Extraction optimization of Angelica sinensis polysaccharides and its antioxidant activity in vivo. Carbohydrate Polymers 2013;94:114-119.
Yuan Y, Liu Y, Liu M, Chen Q, Jiao Y, Liu Y, et al. Optimization extraction and bioactivities of poly-saccharide from wild Russula griseocarnosa. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 2017;25:523-530.
Zhang M, Zhao M, Qing Y, Luo Y, Xia G, Li Y. Study on immunostimulatory activity and extraction process optimization of polysaccharides from Caulerpa lentillifera. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2020;143:677-684.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Life Sciences and Environment Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each article is copyrighted © by its author(s) and is published under license from the author(s).
0-5526-7000 Ext. 7214
