Modelling Grouting of First Bangkok Aquifer Sand to Reduce Permeability with Silicate Gel
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Abstract
This paper presents grout testing into the model of Bangkok first-layer aquifer system to reduce permeability with the application of sodium silicate through constant injection rates. The main objectives of the study are to investigate the influence of pressure and viscosity of grout on the size and shape of grouted sand, in particular the first sand layer in Bangkok subsoils. The sand model is grouted with sodium silicate solution at viscosity of 110 centipoise and 130 centipoise. The injection rates were set at 4.56, 6.08 and 7.60 mL/min. The results showed that the grouting pressure significantly affected the shape of the sand after grouting. At low grouting pressure, the sand formed in a uniform spherical grout bulb where the diameter was larger than the theoretical diameter. Thus, grouting leads to permeability improvement. The viscosity has minor influence on the pattern of the grouted sand specimens since the difference in viscosity was relatively small. The coefficient of permeability of the grouted sand was 8.33 times lower than that of the ungrouted counterpart.
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