Bio Mineral Processing
Main Article Content
Abstract
Microbials have been used in biomineral processing field; their useful properties include non-electricity, economy, ability to multiply and to survive the extremely acid environment. Microorganisms can also survive challenging conditions under wet and poisonous sulphur gas. The study was presented the practical utility of biomineral processing such as uranium mining in India, platinum and palladium biomineralisation in Brazil, gold bioleaching in Australia, copper heap leaching in the U.S.A., lead and zinc processing in Pakistan and precious metals extraction from electronic scraps in laboratory operations. This is to propose guidelines for solutions of mine environmental issues. The benefits of operational bioprocesses are reasonable price, low operation and maintenance costs, rehabilitation of minerals from tailings, capacity with a 24-hour day and the application of the environmental management in mining. The disadvantages of adoptions in continuous bio-processing are slowly to pay back on the investment, to take long lasting periods of time and to hardly shut down immediately on the process. Finally, the contaminants may leak out and get into the groundwater resources, some kinds may harm the living creatures.
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The articles published are the opinion of the author only. The author is responsible for any legal consequences. That may arise from that article.
References
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[29] V. Moses and R. E. Cape, Biotechnology, the science and the business. Chur, Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers, pp. 631, 1999.
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[31] R. Nareshkumar, R. Nagendran, and K. Parvathi, “Bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil using Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans: effect of sulfur/soil ratio,” World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 1539–1546, 2007.
[32] D. Mishra, D.-J. Kim, D. Ralph, J.-G. Ahn, and Y.-H. Rhee, “Bioleaching of metals from spent lithium ion secondary batteries using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,” Waste Management, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 333–338, 2008.
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[2] J. Niosi and S. E. Reid, “Biotechnology and Nanotechnology: Science-based enabling technologies as windows of opportunity for LDCs?,” World Development, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 426–438, 2007.
[3] D. S. Holmes, “Review of International Biohydrometallurgy Symposium, Frankfurt, 2007,” Hydrometallurgy, vol. 92, no. 1–2, pp. 69–72, 2008.
[4] A. Schippers, A. Breuker, A. Blazejak, K. Bosecker, D. Kock, and T. Wright, “The biogeochemistry and microbiology of sulfidic mine waste and bioleaching dumps and heaps, and novel Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria,” Hydrometallurgy, vol. 104, no. 3–4, pp. 342–350, 2010.
[5] A. Cecal, I. Palamaru, D. Humelnicu, K. Popa, V. V. Salaru, V. Rudic, and A. Gulea, “Removal of uranyl ions from residual waters using some algae types,” Czechoslovak Journal of Physics, vol. 49, no. S1, pp. 987–990, 1999.
[6] Y.-G. Liu, M. Zhou, G.-M. Zeng, X. Wang, X. Li, T. Fan, and W.-H. Xu, “Bioleaching of heavy metals from mine tailings by indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria: Effects of substrate concentration,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 99, no. 10, pp. 4124–4129, 2008.
[7] T. Rohwerder, T. Gehrke, K. Kinzler, and W. Sand, “Bioleaching review part A” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 239–248, January, 2003.
[8] V. Torsvik, J. Goksøyr, and F. L.Daae, “High diversity in DNA of soil bacteria,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 782–787, 1990.
[9] C. M. Davies and L. M. Evison, “Sunlight and the survival of enteric bacteria in natural waters,” Journal of Applied Bacteriology, vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 265–274, 1991.
[10] K. Kawahara, K. Tsuruda, M. Morishita, and M. Uchida, “Antibacterial effect of silver-zeolite on oral bacteria under anaerobic conditions,” Dental Materials, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 452–455, 2000.
[11] V. Ottova, J. Balcarova, and J. Vymazal, “Microbial characteristics of constructed wetlands,” Water Science and Technology, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 117–123, 1997.
[12] S. M. Z. Hossain, C. Ozimok, C. Sicard, S. D. Aguirre, M. M. Ali, Y. Li, and J. D. Brennan, “Multiplexed paper test strip for quantitative bacterial detection,” Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, vol. 403, no. 6, pp. 1567–1576, 2012.
[13] T. D. Brock, K. M. Brock, R. T. Belly, and R. L. Weiss, “Sulfolobus: A new genus of sulfuroxidizing bacteria living at low pH and high temperature,” Archiv für Mikrobiologie, vol. 84, no. 1, pp. 54–68, 1972.
[14] Department of Primary Industries and Mines. (2017, May 8). Summary report on implementation of the solution in lead metal problem at from Kliti, Kanchanaburi [Online], Available: www.dpim.go.th/service/download?articleid=6031
[15] The secretariat of the cabinet, Thailand. (2016, May 12). Report of investigation on the health and environmental issues of Akara resources public company limited [Online], Available: https://f.ptcdn.info/907/042/000/o7mb31ogxpB3XcFITE8-o.jpg
[16] P. C. Kapur and S. P. Mehrotra, Mineral processing: recent advances and future trends; proceedings of a conference honouring P. C. Kapur on his 60th birthday, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, December 11–15, 1995. New Delhi: Allied, pp.489–502, 1995.
[17] S. C. B. Bellenberg, R. Barthen, M. Boretska, R. Zhang, W. Sand, and M. Vera, “Manipulation of pyrite colonization and leaching by iron-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus species,” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 99, no. 3, pp. 1435–1449, September, 2014.
[18] J.-L. Xia, A.-A. Peng, H. He, Y. Yang, X.-D. Liu, and G.-Z. Qiu, “A new strain Acidithiobacillus albertensis BY-05 for bioleaching of metal sulfides ores,” Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 168–175, 2007.
[19] L. Chen, Y. Ren, J. Lin, X. Liu, X. Pang, and J. Lin, “Acidithiobacillus caldus sulfur oxidation model based on transcriptome analysis between the wild type and sulfur Oxygenase reductase defective mutant,” PLoS ONE, vol. 7, no. 9, December, 2012.
[20] S. Hedrich and D. B. Johnson, “Acidithiobacillus ferridurans sp. nov., an acidophilic iron-, sulfurand hydrogen-metabolizing chemolithotrophic gammaproteobacterium,” International Journal Of Systematic And Evolutionary Microbiology, vol. 63, no. Pt 11, pp. 4018–4025, 2013.
[21] C. Falagán and D. B. Johnson, “Acidithiobacillus ferriphilus sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic ironand sulfur-metabolizing extreme acidophile,” International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 206–211, January, 2016.
[22] S. Pal, D. Pradhan, T. Das, L. B. Sukla, and G. R. Chaudhury, “Bioleaching of low-grade uranium ore using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,” Indian Journal of Microbiology, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 70–75, 2010.
[23] J. Brierley and C. Brierley, “Present and future commercial applications of biohydrometallurgy,” Biohydrometallurgy and the Environment Toward the Mining of the 21st Century - Proceedings of the International Biohydrometallurgy Symposium Process Metallurgy, pp. 81–89, 1999.
[24] Society for Microbiology (SASM). (2016, December). Acidithiobacillus_ferrooxidans. Society for Microbiology (SASM) [Online]. Available: http://www.sasm.org.za/images/blog/Acidithiobacillus_ferrooxidans.jpg
[25] Wikipedia. (2016, December). Uranium dioxide. Wikipedia [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium_dioxide
[26] D. E. Rawlings, “Microbially-assisted dissolution of minerals and its use in the mining industry,” Pure and Applied Chemistry, vol. 76, no. 4, January 2004.
[27] F. Reith, C. M. Zammit, S. S. Shar, B. Etschmann, R. Bottrill, G. Southam, C. Ta, M. Kilburn, T. Oberthür, A. S. Ball, and J. Brugger, “Biological role in the transformation of platinum-group mineral grains,” Nature Geoscience, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 294–298, 2016.
[28] M. Rehman, M. A. Anwar, M. Iqbal, K. Akhtar, A. M. Khalid, and M. A. Ghauri, “Bioleaching of high grade Pb–Zn ore by mesophilic and moderately thermophilic iron and sulphur oxidizers,” Hydrometallurgy, vol. 97, no. 1–2, pp. 1–7, 2009.
[29] V. Moses and R. E. Cape, Biotechnology, the science and the business. Chur, Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers, pp. 631, 1999.
[30] J. E. Madrigal-Arias, R. Argumedo-Delira, A. Alarcón, M. R. Mendoza-López, O. García-Barradas, J. S. Cruz-Sánchez, R. Ferrera-Cerrato, and M. Jiménez-Fernández, “Bioleaching of gold, copper and nickel from waste cellular phone PCBs and computer goldfinger motherboards by two Aspergillus nigerstrains,” Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 707–713, 2015.
[31] R. Nareshkumar, R. Nagendran, and K. Parvathi, “Bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil using Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans: effect of sulfur/soil ratio,” World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 1539–1546, 2007.
[32] D. Mishra, D.-J. Kim, D. Ralph, J.-G. Ahn, and Y.-H. Rhee, “Bioleaching of metals from spent lithium ion secondary batteries using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,” Waste Management, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 333–338, 2008.
[33] E. Schuster, N. Dunn-Coleman, J. Frisvad, and P. van Dijck, “On the safety of aspergillus niger - A review,” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 59, no. 4–5, pp. 426–435, January 2002.
[34] V. Boonamnuayvitaya. (1999, September 22). A development of biochemical application method for treating arsenic contaminated water resource in ronpibul, Nakhon Si Thammarat [Online]. Available: https://www.kmutt.ac.th/rippc/pron214.html