การเพิ่มปริมาณมีเทนจากกากมันสำปะหลัง ด้วยกระบวนการย่อยสลายด้วยสารด่างและความร้อนร่วมกับเศษเหล็ก
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มี.ค. 26, 2021
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กากมันสำปะหลัง ความร้อน สารด่าง มีเทน เศษเหล็ก
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บทคัดย่อ
การเพิ่มปริมาณมีเทน (CH4) จากกากมันสำปะหลัง เกิดขึ้นเมื่อทำลาย เซลลูโลส เฮมิเซลลูโลส และลิกนิน งานวิจัยนี้ใช้กระบวนการย่อยสลายด้วยด่าง (Alkaline Hydrolysis) และความร้อนร่วมกับเศษเหล็ก (Scrap Iron) ความเข้มข้น 50 ก.เศษเหล็ก/กก. ของของแข็งระเหยได้ทั้งหมด ระยะเวลาเก็บกัก (HRT) 20 วัน ดำเนินการทดลองแบบกึ่งต่อเนื่องในถังกวนสมบูรณ์ จำนวนทั้งสิ้น 3 สภาวะ (Con.) คือ Con. 1 ปรับ pH กากมันสำปะหลังเป็น 7 Con. 2 ใช้ Alkaline Hydrolysis ร่วมกับความร้อน ปรับ pH 10 ควบคุมอุณหภูมิ 100 องศาเซลเซียส ระยะเวลา 30 นาที และ Con. 3 ควบคุมการทดลองเหมือน Con. 2 และเติม Scrap Iron ที่ Con. 3 ปริมาณ CH4 มีค่าสูงสุด 0.90 ลบ.ม. มีเทน/กก. ของของแข็งระเหยได้ทั้งหมดเพิ่มขึ้น 2.00 เท่าของ Con. 1 และเพิ่มขึ้น 1.55 เท่าของ Con. 2 เมื่อสิ้นสุดการทดลอง Scrap Iron อยู่ในรูป Fe2+ 15.90% และ Fe3+ 84.10% (อยู่ในรูป Fe3C สูงที่สุด) เนื่องจากจุลินทรีย์นำอิเล็กตรอนของเหล็ก (Fe2+) ไปใช้มีผลต่อการลดลงของคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ (CO2) และไฮโดรเจนซัลไฟล์ (H2S) ส่งผลทำให้เกิด CH4 เพิ่มมากขึ้น เมื่อพิจารณาปริมาณ CH4 ใน Con. 3 มีค่าแตกต่างอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ (α < 0.05) ที่ระดับความเชื่อมั่น 95% เมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับ Con. 1 และ Con. 2 ทดสอบสถิติ One-Way ANOVA : Post-hoc Tukey งานวิจัยนี้สามารถประยุกต์ใช้กับอุตสาหกรรมก๊าซชีวภาพที่เกิดการถ่ายเทพลังงานความร้อนเกิดขึ้นขณะที่เครื่องผลิตไฟฟ้าจากก๊าซชีวภาพทำงาน ใช้ร่วมกับ Scrap Iron ซึ่งเป็นวัสดุเหลือทิ้งจากอุตสาหกรรมเครื่องจักรกลมาใช้ประโยชน์ ในกรณีที่ไม่มีความร้อนเหลือทิ้งและ Scrap Iron ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้กระบวนการย่อยสลายแบบ Alkaline Hydrolysis ร่วมกับความร้อน เนื่องจากเมื่อเปรียบเทียบ CH4 ใน Con. 1 และ Con. 2 มีค่าไม่แตกต่างกัน เมื่อทดสอบสถิติ Pair t-test ที่ระดับความเชื่อมั่น 95%
Article Details
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บทความวิจัย ด้านวิศวกรรมศาสตร์
บทความที่ลงตีพิมพ์เป็นข้อคิดเห็นของผู้เขียนเท่านั้น
ผู้เขียนจะต้องเป็นผู้รับผิดชอบต่อผลทางกฎหมายใดๆ ที่อาจเกิดขึ้นจากบทความนั้น
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[2] C. Niwaswong and C. Ruangviriyachai, “Production of cellulosic ethanol in Thailand,” KKU Science Journal, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 1073–1088, 2012 (in Thai).
[3] G. Luo, L. Xie, Z. Zou, W. Wang, Q. Zhou, and H. Shim, “Anaerobic treatment of cassava stillage for hydrogen and methane production in continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) under high organic loading rate (OLR),” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 35, no. 21, pp. 1173–11737, 2010.
[4] G. P. Cheng, X. W. Duan, Y. M. Jiang, J. Sun, S. Y. Yang, B. Yang, S. G. He, H. Liang, and Y. B. Luo. “Modification of hemicellulose polysaccharides during ripening of postharvest banana fruit,” Food Chemical, vol. 115, no. 1, pp. 43–47, 2009.
[5] K. Yoonan, “Study of the optimum condition for sugars production from cassava peel and pulp,” M.S. thesis, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 2006 (in Thai).
[6] S. Kaewchingdung, “Enhancing efficiency for reducing sugar production from cassava bagasse by pretreatment,” M.S. thesis, Department of Environmental Technology and Management, Kasetsart University, 2011 (in Thai).
[7] L. Appels, J. Baeyens, J. Degreve, and R. Dewil, “Principles and potential of the anaerobic digestion of waste-activated sludge,” Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 755–781, 2008.
[8] D. H. Kim, E. Jeong, S. E. Oh, and H. S. Shin. “Combined (alkaline + ultrasonic) pretreatment effect on sewage sludge disintegration,” Water Research, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 3093–3100, 2010.
[9] R. Pawongrat, “Pretreatment processes for enhancing the efficiency of ethanol production from lignocellulosic agricultural wastes,” Veridian E-journal Science and Technology Silpakorn University, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 143–157, 2015 (in Thai).
[10] N. Klaichom, J. Chutmanop, and P. Srinophakun, “Reducing sugar production from sweet sorghum bagasse by acid hydrolysis,” Kasetsart Engineering Journal, vol. 24, no. 75, pp. 91–102, 2011 (in Thai).
[11] K. Sukwanitch, “Comparison of biogas production improvement from cassava pulp between acid and alkaline hydrolysis processes,” M.S. thesis, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, 2011 (in Thai).
[12] Y. Feng, Y. Zhang, X. Quan, and S. Chen, “Enhanced anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge digestion by the addition of zero valent iron,” Water Research, vol. 52, pp. 242–250, 2013.
[13] Y.Zhang, Y. Feng, and X. Quan, “Zero-valent iron enhanced methanogenic activity in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge after heat and alkali pretreatment,” Waste Management, vol. 38, pp. 297–302, 2015.
[14] W. Wei, Z. Cai, J. Fu, GK. Xie, A. Li, X. Zhoue, BJ. Ni, D. Wang, and Q. Wang, “Zero valent iron enhances methane production from primary sludge in anaerobic digestion,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 351, pp. 1159–1165, 2018.
[15] X. Kong, S. Yu, W. Fang, J. Liu, and H. Li, “Enhancing syntrophic associations among clostridium butyricum, syntrophomonas and two types of methanogen by zero valent iron in an anaerobic assay with a high organic loading,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 257, pp. 181–191, 2018.
[16] G. Zhen, X. Lu, L. Su, T. Kobayashi, G. Kumar, T. Zhou, K. Xu, YY. Li, X. Zhu, and Y. Zhao, “Unraveling the catalyzing behaviors of different iron species (Fe2+ vs. Fe0) in activating persulfate-based oxidation process with implications to waste activated sludge dewaterability,” Water Research, vol. 134, pp. 101–114, 2018.
[17] S. Sujira, “Microbial fuel cell and wastewater treatment,” Environmental Journal, vol. 16, no. 2, 2012 (in Thai).
[18] A. D. Eaton, L. S. Clesceri, A. E. Greenberg, M. A. H. Franson, A. P. H. A., A. W. W. A., and W. E. F., Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20 th ed., American Public Health Association, 2005.
[19] Z. Tang, WS. Kim, and T. Yu, “Continuous synthesis of silver plates in a continuous stirring tank reactor (CSTR),” Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 66, pp. 411–418, 2018.
[20] U. Yingchon, “The increase in efficiency of biogas production from treated cassava pulp by zero valent iron (Fe0),” M.S. thesis, Graduate School, Suranaree University of Technology, 2017 (in Thai).
[21] K. Saripan, “Effect of initial pH on biohydrogen production from pineapple peel by microbial consortium in cow dung,” Phranakhon Rajabhat Research Journal (Science and Technology), vol. 12, no. 1, 2017 (in Thai).
[22] R. Suihirun, “Biogas production from beverages industry waste by Co-digestion,” M.S. thesis, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, 2016 (in Thai).
[23] J. Suschka, E. Kowalski, J. Mazierski, and K. Grübel, “Alkaline solubilisation of waste activated sludge (WAS) for soluble organic substrate – (SCOD) production,” Archives of Environmental Protection, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 29–38, 2015.
[24] T. Wittawat and A. Chatchaval, “Performance of a novel anaerobic reactor for treatment of tapioca wastewater,” presented at the 12 th National Graduate Research Conference, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Feb. 12–13, 2009 (in Thai).
[25] C. Khunpakdee, K. Khuanmar, and S. Yodthongdee, “Development of the biogas production system from a Co-digestion of inoculums chicken manure and napier grass in covered lagoon with circulating,” presented at the National and International Graduate Research Conference 2017, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Mar. 10, 2017 (in Thai).
[26] V. N. Nkemka, H. Marchbank, and X. Hao. “Anaerobic digestion of paunch in a CSTR for renewable energy production and nutrient mineralization,” Waste Management, vol. 43, pp. 123–129, 2015.
[27] N. Pisutpaisal, C. Nathao, and U. Sirisukpoka, “Biological hydrogen and methane production in from food waste in two-stage CSTR,” Energy Procedia, pp. 719–722, 2014.
[28] C. Piasai, N. Boontian, U. Yingchon, T. Phorndon, and M. Padri, “Optimum conditions to produce acetic acid from various excess sludge for using in biological phosphorus removal processes,” Thai Science and Technology Journal, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 274–293, 2020 (in Thai).
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