SITUATION AND TRENDS IN THE APPLICATION OF INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) INTEGRATION FOR SMART PLANT FARMS IN THAILAND
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Abstract
This review article explores the applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) in smart plant farming in Thailand. In the face of challenges such as climate change, labor shortages, and rising production costs, IoT technology plays a vital role in transforming Thai agriculture toward more efficient and sustainable precision farming. IoT systems consist of environmental, soil, plants and irrigation sensors, communication networks, data processing unit, and automated control platforms. In Thailand, practical applications include weather and soil monitoring systems, automated irrigation and fertilization systems, climate-controlled greenhouses, and the use of aerial and satellite imaging technologies. Case studies indicate that IoT technology can improve productivity by 15-25% and reduce operational costs by 20-30%. However, limitations remain, including underdeveloped digital infrastructure, high initial investment costs, and a lack of digital literacy among farmers. Recommended development strategies include supportive government policies, cross-sector collaboration, human resource development, and establishment of suitable business models. Future trends point toward the integration of emerging technologies such as 5G, blockchain, and artificial intelligence (AI), which are expected to enhance competitiveness and improve the quality of life for Thai farmers.
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