MOISTURE SORPTION ISOTHERMS AND THIN-LAYER DRYING OF RICE CRACKERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/lsej.2024.23Keywords:
sorption isotherm, thin-layer drying, rice crackersAbstract
In this study, the equilibrium moisture contents of rice cracker samples were experimentally obtained using the gravimetric method at temperatures of 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C, with water activity (aw) ranging from 0.017 to 0.968. The sorption isotherm curves of rice crackers were sigmoidal in shape and decreased with increased temperature at constant relative humidity. Five selected isotherm models were tested to fit the experimental isotherm data of rice crackers. The results showed that the Modified Oswin model fitted the best to the experimental data of rice crackers. Furthermore, thin-layer drying of rice crackers was conducted under controlled conditions of temperature using a convective air dryer. The rice crackers, initially having a moisture content of 85% (d.b.), were dried at temperatures of 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C until their final moisture content reached 6% (d.b.). Besides the effects of drying air temperature and velocity, the Modified Henderson and Pabis model was revealed to be the best, followed by the Two-term model.
References
Akgun NA, Doymaz I. Modeling of olive cake thin-layer drying process. Journal of Food Engineering 2005; 68(4):455–461.
Diamante LM, Munro PA. Mathematical modelling of the thin layer solar drying of sweet potato slices. Solar Energy 1993;51:271-276.
Doymaz I. Thin layer drying of spinach leaves in a convective dryer. Journal of Food Process Engineering 2009;32(1):112-125.
Doymaz I. Thin layer drying behaviour of mint leaves. Journal of Food Engineering 2006;74:370-375.
Henderson SM. Progress in developing the thin layer drying equation. Transactions of the ASAE, 1978; 17, 1167-1172.
Janjai S, Bala BK, Tohsing K, Mahayothee B, Haewsungcharern M, Muhlbauer W, Muller J. Equilibrium moisture content and heat of sorption of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.). Drying Technology. 2006; 24:1691-1696.
Janjai S, Bala BK, Tohsing K, Mahayothee B, Haewsungcharern M, Müller J. Moisture sorption isotherms and heat of sorption of mango (Magnifera Indica L. cv. NAM DOK MAI). International Agricultural Engineering Journal 2007;16(3-4):159-168.
Karathanos VT. Determination of water content of dried fruits by drying kinetics. Journal of Food Engineering 1999;39:337–344.
Kaymak EF, Gedik A. Sorption isotherms and isosteric heat of sorption for grapes, apricots, apples and potatoes. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft and Technologies 2004;37:429-438.
Lahsasni N, Kouhila M, Mahrouz M. Adsorption-desorption isotherms and heat of sorption of pickly pear fruit (Opuntia ficus indica). Energy Conservation and Management 2004;45:249-261.
Midilli A. Determination of pistachio drying behaviour and condition in a solar drying. International Journal of Energy Research 2001;28:715-725.
Midilli A, Kucuk H, Yaper Z. A new modelfor thin layer drying. Drying Tech, 2002;20:1503-1513.
Mujumdar AS. Handbook of industrial drying. (Marcel Dekker, New York); 1987.
Mohamed LA, Kouhila M, Lahsasni S, Jamali A, Idlimam A, Rhazi M, Aghfir M. et al. Equilibrium moisture content and heat of sorption of Gelidium sesquipedale. Journal of Stored Products Research 2005;41:199-209.
Samapundo S, Devlieghere F, De Meulenaer B, Atukwase A, Lamboni Y, Debevere JM. Sorption isotherms and isosteric heats of sorption of whole yellow dent corn. Journal of Food Engineering 2007;79:168-175.
Shivhare US, Arora S, Ahmed J, Raghavan GVS. Moisture adsorption isotherms for mushroom. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und Technologie 2004; 133-137.
Togrul IT, Pehlivan S. Modeling of thin layer drying kinetics of some fruits under open air sun drying process, Journal of Food Engineering 2004;65:413-425.
Wang CY, Singh RP. A thin layer drying equation for rough rice, Transaction of the ASAE. 2001;78.
Whith GM, Bridges TC, Loewer OJ, Ross IJ. Seed coat damage in thin layer drying of soybeans as affected by drying conditions. Asian Journal of Applied Economics 1978;30-52.
Yaldiz O, Ertekin C, Uzun HI. Mathematical modeling of thin layer solar drying of sultan grapes, Energy 2001;26:457-465.
Yangcioglu A, Degirmencioglu A, Cagatay F. Drying characteristic of laurel leaves under different conditions, in Proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Agricultural Mechanization and Energy. Bascetincelik, A. (ed) (Faculty of Agriculture. Cukurova University. Adana, Turkey), 1999; 565–569.
Zhang Q, Litchfield JB. An optimization of intermittent corn drying in a laboratory scale thin layer dryer. Drying Technology 1991;9:383-395.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Life Sciences and Environment Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each article is copyrighted © by its author(s) and is published under license from the author(s).
0-5526-7000 Ext. 7214
