ผลของความเข้มข้นของโซเดียมไฮดรอกไซด์ต่อกำลังอัดของคอนกรีตที่ผสมเถ้าถ่านหิน
Main Article Content
บทคัดย่อ
งานวิจัยนี้ได้ศึกษาผลของความเข้มข้นของสารละลาย NaOH ที่ใช้เป็นด่างเร่งปฏิกิริยา ต่อกำลังอัดของคอนกรีตที่ผสมเถ้าถ่านหิน โดยแทนที่เถ้าถ่านหินในปูนซีเมนต์ปอร์ตแลนด์ประเภทที่ 1 ร้อยละ 40, 50 และ 60 โดยน้ำหนักวัสดุประสาน และใช้ NaOH ที่มีความเข้มข้น 0.00, 0.25, 0.50 และ 0.75 โมลาร์ เป็นด่างเร่งปฏิกิริยา หล่อตัวอย่างคอนกรีตขนาด 100×100×100 มม3 หลังจากนั้นนำตัวอย่างคอนกรีตไปบ่มในน้ำ และทดสอบกำลังอัดที่อายุ 3, 7, 14, 28 และ 60 วัน ผลการศึกษาพบว่ากำลังอัดของคอนกรีตที่ผสมเถ้าถ่านหินมีแนวโน้มสูงขึ้น เมื่อใช้สารละลาย NaOH ที่มีความเข้มข้นไม่เกิน 0.50 โมลาร์ การใช้เถ้าถ่านหินผสมในคอนกรีตในปริมาณที่สูงขึ้น มีผลต่อการลดกำลังอัดของคอนกรีตที่ไม่ได้ใช้สารละลาย NaOH มากกว่ากลุ่มที่ใช้สารละลาย NaOH การศึกษาครั้งนี้พบว่า การใช้สารละลาย NaOH ที่มีความเข้มข้น 0.50 โมลาร์ ในกลุ่มที่ใช้เถ้าถ่านหินผสมในคอนกรีตร้อยละ 50 โดยน้ำหนักวัสดุประสานมีความเหมาะสมในการนำไปใช้งานคอนกรีต เนื่องจากให้กำลังอัดสูงที่สุด โดยมีค่าเพิ่มขึ้นจากคอนกรีตควบคุมถึงร้อยละ 22 ที่อายุ 28 วัน
Article Details
บท
บทความวิจัย ด้านวิศวกรรมศาสตร์
บทความที่ลงตีพิมพ์เป็นข้อคิดเห็นของผู้เขียนเท่านั้น
ผู้เขียนจะต้องเป็นผู้รับผิดชอบต่อผลทางกฎหมายใดๆ ที่อาจเกิดขึ้นจากบทความนั้น
References
[1] M. Davraz and L. Gunduz, “Engineering properties of amorphous silica as a new natural pozzolan for use in concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 35, pp. 1251–1261, 2005.
[2] MS. Shetty, Concrete Technology: Theory and Practice, 1st ed, New Delhi, India, 1982.
[3] M. Ashraf, AN. Khan, Q. Ali, J. Mirza, A. Goyal, and AM. Anwar, “Phyisco-chemical activities of minerals additives,” Construction Building Material, vol. 23, pp. 2207–2213, 2009.
[4] B. Liu, Y. Xie, and J. Li, “Influence of steam curing on the compressive strength of concrete containing supplementary cementing materials,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 35, pp. 994–998, 2005.
[5] Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete, ASTM C 618-00, 2001.
[6] Neville AM, Properties of Concrete, 4th ed, Pittman, London, 1995.
[7] MK. Gopalan, “Nucleation and pozzolanic factors in strength development of class F fly ash concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 90-M12, pp. 117–21, 1993.
[8] GC. Isaia, ALG. Gastaldini, and R. Moraes, “Physical and pozzolanic action of mineral additions on the mechanical strength of highperformance concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 25, pp. 69–76, 2003.
[9] D. Manmohan and PK. Mehta, “Influence of pozzolanic, slag and chemical admixtures on pore size distribution and permeability of hardened cement pastes,” Cement Concrete Aggregates, vol. 3, pp. 5, 1981.
[10] P. Chindapasirt, C. Jaturapitakkul, and T. Sinsiri, “Effect of fly ash fineness on compressive strength and pore size of blended cement paste,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 27, pp. 425–428, 2005.
[11] AL. Velosa and PB. Cachim, “Hydraulic-lime based concrete: Strength development using a pozzolanic addition and different curing conditions,” Concrete Building Material, vol. 23, pp. 2107–2111, 2009.
[12] C. Shi and RL. Day, “Comparison of different methods for enhancing reactivity of pozzolans,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 31, pp. 813–818, 2001.
[13] P. Chindaprasirt and C. Jaturapitakkul, “Cement, Pozzolan and Concrete,” Thailand Concrete Association, pp. 11–13, pp. 238–240, 2008 (in Thai).
[14] B. M. Bahadure and N. S. Naik, “Effect of alkaline activator on workability and compressive Strength of Cement Concrete with RHA,” International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, vol. 03, pp. 15–20, 2013.
[15] S. Reaksmey and W. Chalee, “Compressive strength improvement of concrete containing rice husk ash using an alkaline activator,” The Journal of King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, vol. 26, no. 3, September–December 2016 (in Thai).
[16] A. Abdullah, M. S. Jaafar, Y. H. Taufiq-Yap, A. Alhozaimy, A. Al-Negheimish, and J. Noorzaei, “The effective of various chemical activators on pozzolanic reactivity: A review,” Scientific Research and Essay, vol. 7, pp. 719–729, 23 February 2012.
[17] P. Chindaprasirt, Fly ash in concrete work, Department of Civil Engineering, Khon Kaen University, 2006 (in Thai).
[18] Standard Specification for Portland cement, ASTM C 150-07, 2007.
[19] Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete, ASTM C 618-00, 2001.
[20] Testing concrete, Part 101: Method of sampling fresh concrete on site, BS 1881, 1983.
[21] M. Thomas, “Optimizing the use of fly ash in concrete,” Illinois: Portland Cement Association, IS. 548, 2007.
[22] PREVOR, “Sodium Hydroxide, NaOH Product file,” Management of ocular and cutaneous chemical splashes, pp. 1310-73-2, 2011.
[23] K. Parthiban, “Effect of sodium hydroxide concentration and alkaline ratio on the compressive strength of slag based geopolymer concrete,” International Journal of ChemTech Research, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 2446–2450, July–August 2014.
[24] AK. Patra, “Effect of synthesis parameters on the compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer concrete,” International Journal of Environmental Pollution Control & Management, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 79–88, July-December 2011.
[25] K. A. Boakye, “Improvement of setting time and early strength development of pozzolana cement through chemical activation,” Thesis, Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical And Materials Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University, May 2012.
[26] H. Kamarudin, M. Bnhussain, I. Khairul Nizar, A. R.Rafiza, and Y. Zarina, “The processing, Characterization and properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete,” Reviews on Advanced Materials Science, vol. 30, pp. 90–97, August 2011.
[27] A. M. Mustafa and Al. Bakri, “Microstructure of different NaOH molarity of fly ash based green polymeric cement,” Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, vol. 3, pp. 44–49, February 2011.
[28] P. Chindaprasirt, T. Chiyasena, and V. Sirivivatnanon, “High Strength concrete containing fly ash and black boiler rice husk ash,” in Proceedings of the 4th Symposium on Infrastructure, pp. 363–368, 3–5 April 2009.
[29] M. R. Karim, M. F. M. Zain, M. Jamil, F. C. Lai, and M. N. Islam, “Strength development of mortar and concrete containing fly ash: A review,” International Journal of the Physical Sciences, vol. 6, no. 17, pp. 4137–4153, 2 September 2011.
[30] Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete, ACI 318-99, 2000.
[31] PL. Owens, “Fly ash and its usage in concrete,” The journal of the Concrete Society, vol. 13, pp. 21–26, 1979.
[32] RO. Lane and JF. Best, “Properties and use of fly ash in Portland cement concrete,” Concrete International, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 81–92, 1982.
[33] R. Helmut, Fly ash in cement and concrete, Illinois: Portland Cement Association, 1987.
[34] BDG. Jonhson, “The use of fly ash in Cape Town RMC operation,” in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete, pp. S252/33, 1981.
[2] MS. Shetty, Concrete Technology: Theory and Practice, 1st ed, New Delhi, India, 1982.
[3] M. Ashraf, AN. Khan, Q. Ali, J. Mirza, A. Goyal, and AM. Anwar, “Phyisco-chemical activities of minerals additives,” Construction Building Material, vol. 23, pp. 2207–2213, 2009.
[4] B. Liu, Y. Xie, and J. Li, “Influence of steam curing on the compressive strength of concrete containing supplementary cementing materials,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 35, pp. 994–998, 2005.
[5] Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete, ASTM C 618-00, 2001.
[6] Neville AM, Properties of Concrete, 4th ed, Pittman, London, 1995.
[7] MK. Gopalan, “Nucleation and pozzolanic factors in strength development of class F fly ash concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 90-M12, pp. 117–21, 1993.
[8] GC. Isaia, ALG. Gastaldini, and R. Moraes, “Physical and pozzolanic action of mineral additions on the mechanical strength of highperformance concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 25, pp. 69–76, 2003.
[9] D. Manmohan and PK. Mehta, “Influence of pozzolanic, slag and chemical admixtures on pore size distribution and permeability of hardened cement pastes,” Cement Concrete Aggregates, vol. 3, pp. 5, 1981.
[10] P. Chindapasirt, C. Jaturapitakkul, and T. Sinsiri, “Effect of fly ash fineness on compressive strength and pore size of blended cement paste,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 27, pp. 425–428, 2005.
[11] AL. Velosa and PB. Cachim, “Hydraulic-lime based concrete: Strength development using a pozzolanic addition and different curing conditions,” Concrete Building Material, vol. 23, pp. 2107–2111, 2009.
[12] C. Shi and RL. Day, “Comparison of different methods for enhancing reactivity of pozzolans,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 31, pp. 813–818, 2001.
[13] P. Chindaprasirt and C. Jaturapitakkul, “Cement, Pozzolan and Concrete,” Thailand Concrete Association, pp. 11–13, pp. 238–240, 2008 (in Thai).
[14] B. M. Bahadure and N. S. Naik, “Effect of alkaline activator on workability and compressive Strength of Cement Concrete with RHA,” International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, vol. 03, pp. 15–20, 2013.
[15] S. Reaksmey and W. Chalee, “Compressive strength improvement of concrete containing rice husk ash using an alkaline activator,” The Journal of King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, vol. 26, no. 3, September–December 2016 (in Thai).
[16] A. Abdullah, M. S. Jaafar, Y. H. Taufiq-Yap, A. Alhozaimy, A. Al-Negheimish, and J. Noorzaei, “The effective of various chemical activators on pozzolanic reactivity: A review,” Scientific Research and Essay, vol. 7, pp. 719–729, 23 February 2012.
[17] P. Chindaprasirt, Fly ash in concrete work, Department of Civil Engineering, Khon Kaen University, 2006 (in Thai).
[18] Standard Specification for Portland cement, ASTM C 150-07, 2007.
[19] Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete, ASTM C 618-00, 2001.
[20] Testing concrete, Part 101: Method of sampling fresh concrete on site, BS 1881, 1983.
[21] M. Thomas, “Optimizing the use of fly ash in concrete,” Illinois: Portland Cement Association, IS. 548, 2007.
[22] PREVOR, “Sodium Hydroxide, NaOH Product file,” Management of ocular and cutaneous chemical splashes, pp. 1310-73-2, 2011.
[23] K. Parthiban, “Effect of sodium hydroxide concentration and alkaline ratio on the compressive strength of slag based geopolymer concrete,” International Journal of ChemTech Research, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 2446–2450, July–August 2014.
[24] AK. Patra, “Effect of synthesis parameters on the compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer concrete,” International Journal of Environmental Pollution Control & Management, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 79–88, July-December 2011.
[25] K. A. Boakye, “Improvement of setting time and early strength development of pozzolana cement through chemical activation,” Thesis, Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical And Materials Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University, May 2012.
[26] H. Kamarudin, M. Bnhussain, I. Khairul Nizar, A. R.Rafiza, and Y. Zarina, “The processing, Characterization and properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete,” Reviews on Advanced Materials Science, vol. 30, pp. 90–97, August 2011.
[27] A. M. Mustafa and Al. Bakri, “Microstructure of different NaOH molarity of fly ash based green polymeric cement,” Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, vol. 3, pp. 44–49, February 2011.
[28] P. Chindaprasirt, T. Chiyasena, and V. Sirivivatnanon, “High Strength concrete containing fly ash and black boiler rice husk ash,” in Proceedings of the 4th Symposium on Infrastructure, pp. 363–368, 3–5 April 2009.
[29] M. R. Karim, M. F. M. Zain, M. Jamil, F. C. Lai, and M. N. Islam, “Strength development of mortar and concrete containing fly ash: A review,” International Journal of the Physical Sciences, vol. 6, no. 17, pp. 4137–4153, 2 September 2011.
[30] Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete, ACI 318-99, 2000.
[31] PL. Owens, “Fly ash and its usage in concrete,” The journal of the Concrete Society, vol. 13, pp. 21–26, 1979.
[32] RO. Lane and JF. Best, “Properties and use of fly ash in Portland cement concrete,” Concrete International, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 81–92, 1982.
[33] R. Helmut, Fly ash in cement and concrete, Illinois: Portland Cement Association, 1987.
[34] BDG. Jonhson, “The use of fly ash in Cape Town RMC operation,” in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete, pp. S252/33, 1981.