Study of Upper Air Analysis Using Wind Profiler for Weather Forecasting in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Abstract

The upper air observation using a radiosonde at the Northern Meteorological Center is conducted once a day, representing weather conditions over a 24-hour period. This is insufficient for analyzing weather conditions occurring within shorter time frames. The Wind profiler system can monitor weather conditions every 5 minutes, but is limited to 5 km altitude and is not publicly accessible. Therefore, this study aims to Study of upper air analysis using Wind profiler data in Chiang Mai Province. The Wind profiler system of the Thai Meteorological Department can measure meteorological data including temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. By analyzing the upper air observation data from the Wind profiler and radiosonde to calculate atmospheric stability indices and assess atmospheric instability risks, the stability assessment of thunderstorms in Chiang Mai Province can be determined. The results show that the upper air observations from both sources can forecast thunderstorm occurrences. Consequently, this study led to the development of a stability index analysis program using the Skew-T Log P thermodynamic diagram and the trial is distributed via the website. It facilitates the use of information to support decision-making in issuing weather forecasts and warning announcements in Chiang Mai and the northern region. For example, analysis of the opportunity of thunderstorms Forecasting the trend of fog during winter Including analysis of weather trends during high concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5) in the northern region, etc., It is useful for people and agencies to collaborate to prevent dangers that may occur from severe weather and help reduce damage to people's lives and property.