Long-term assessment of carbon monoxide using MOPITT satellite and surface data over Thailand
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Abstract
Long-term carbon monoxide (CO) total columns were retrieved from the MOPITT satellite to investigate long-term trends and seasonal variability of CO loads in the atmosphere of Thailand during 2001-2015. The results showed significantly high levels of CO total columns over the upper part of Thailand, especially in the northern region during March. Long range transport of CO plumes during biomass burning period can also be detected by the satellite. The comparisons between MOPITT CO total columns and surface CO emissions (from anthropogenic and biomass burning activities) were performed for five regions including the central, eastern, northern, northeastern, and southeastern parts of Thailand. The outputs presented similar seasonal patterns of MOPITT data and surface emissions with higher levels of CO during dry months and lower levels during wet months. Ground monitoring concentrations of CO were also comparably analyzed with MOPITT CO total columns in the central, eastern, and northern regions. The results gave relatively good consistency between these two datasets with the correlation coefficients (r) of 0.68-0.73. The analysis of the annual trends of CO total columns (2001-2015) and CO emissions (2001-2008) revealed slightly decreasing trends for most of the regions, except for the northern region, which showed the increase of CO emissions due to the intensive biomass burning in 2007. MOPITT observations were useful for tracking pollutant plumes and for monitoring CO loads in the atmosphere, particularly where there are limited data due to a lack of ground monitoring stations.
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