Performance and Emission Characteristics in Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil – Ethanol blend as a Fuel

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the characteristics of Biodiesel-Ethanol blend
fuel in aspects of fuel properties, effect to engine performances, and effect to engine
emissions. The tested engine is a single cylinder diesel engine, 411 CC, Mitsubishi D-800.
Various mixing ratio of fuels, used in the experiments, are Biodiesel 100%, Biodieselethanol
blend 95% (Biodiesel 95% - ethanol 5%), Biodiesel-ethanol blend 90%, and
Biodiesel-ethanol blend 85% by volume. These fuels are tested for their properties mainly
in aspect of being the diesel engine fuel and compared with standard diesel available from
the gas station (diesel 100%). Then the fuels are applied to the tested engine on the engine
dynamometer for its performances at 1200-2500 rpm, at full load condition. The
investigated performances are torque, power, specific fuel consumption, and exhaust gas
temperature. The engine emission measurements are also carried out at the 2400 rpm or at
the maximum power condition. The measured emissions are black smoke, Carbon
monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2), and Nitric oxide (NOx). From the tests, in overall,
the engine performances are quite similar, but about 5% lower (average) with biodieselethanol
blend. For the emission, the black smoke, CO, CO2 from biodiesel-ethanol blend is
significantly lower, but the NOx is slightly higher comparing to those from standard diesel.