The Extraction of Proanthocyanidines from Grape Seed by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

This research work is a study of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of
proanthocyanidins from grape seeds. The effect of various parameters such as pressure, temperature
and particle size of the grape seed on the amount of proanthocyanidins that was extracted by
supercritical carbon dioxide are emphasized. The extraction was carried out under the pressure
range of 30-40 MPa , temperature range of 35 º C - 45 º C and with three different particle sizes of
grape seeds namely 20-40 mesh 40-60 mesh and 60-80 mesh. In addition, the extraction of
proanthocyanidines from grape seed by utilizing ethanol as a co-solvent with supercritical carbon
dioxide was also studied and compared. To determine the amount of proanthocyanidines, the extract
at each extracting condition was hydrolyzed and subsequently analyzed by UV/Visible
spectrophotometer.
The results show that the maximum amount of proanthocyanidins of 50.13 mg/100g of
grape seed was obtained when only supercritical carbon dioxide was used as an extracting fluid under
the pressure of 40 MPa, temperature of 40 º C and particle size of grape seed 60-80 mesh,. The
increasement of 4.03 % of proanthocyanidins was obtained when ethanol was used as a co-solvent
with supercritical carbon dioxide under the same condition of extraction.