Highly dense diamond particle-reinforced Ni-P coatings fabricated by pulse-stirring co-electrodeposition

Main Article Content

Nujira Kothanam
Komsak Harachai
Jiaqian Qin
Yuttanant Boonyongmaneerat
Napat Triroj
Papot Jaroenapibal

Abstract

Highly durable nickel-phosphorus/diamond (Ni-P/diamond) composite coatings were developed and successfully fabricated via co-electrodeposition. Large diamond particles, 20−30 μm, were co-electrodeposited into a Ni-P matrix. This work investigates the influence of bath stirring and current density on the diamond particle content in their deposits and tribological properties. The resulting coatings had uniformly distributed diamond particles in their deposits. Unlike the samples prepared using continuous stirring, those prepared by pulse-stirring appeared to have a much higher diamond particle concentration in the coatings. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) shows that diamond contents of up to 25.98 wt% can be achieved by pulse-stirring at a current density of 0.1 A/cm2. The friction coefficient was found to be relatively low and fluctuated in the range of 0.12 to 0.2. After subjecting specimens to a sliding wear test against a ZrO2 counter surface, no worn area was observed in the samples prepared using pulse-stirring at current densities of 0.05 A/cm2 and higher. This pulse-stirring fabrication technique allows the production of highly dense diamond particles incorporated into coatings with significantly enhanced wear resistance.

Article Details

How to Cite
Kothanam, N., Harachai, K., Qin, J., Boonyongmaneerat, Y., Triroj, N., & Jaroenapibal, P. (2022). Highly dense diamond particle-reinforced Ni-P coatings fabricated by pulse-stirring co-electrodeposition. Engineering and Applied Science Research, 49(6), 797–803. Retrieved from https://ph01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/easr/article/view/251033
Section
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

References

Dhanapal K, Revathy TA, Raj MA, Narayanan V, Stephen A. Magnetic anisotropy studies on pulsed electrodeposited Ni/Ag/Ni trilayer. Appl Surf Sci. 2014;313:698-703.

Dhanapal K, Vasumathi M, Santhi K, Narayanan V, Stephen A. Double dumbbell shaped AgNi alloy by pulsed electrodeposition. AIP Conf Proc. 2014;1576:95-7.

Parida G, Chaira D, Chopkar M, Basu A. Synthesis and characterization of Ni-TiO2 composite coatings by electro-co-deposition. Surf Coat Technol. 2011;205(21-22):4871-9.

Cardinal MF, Castro PA, Baxi J, Liang H, Williams FJ. Characterization and frictional behavior of nanostructured Ni-W-MoS2 composite coatings. Surf Coat Technol. 2009;204(1-2):85-90.

Garcia I, Fransaer J, Celis JP. Electrodeposition and sliding wear resistance of nickel composite coatings containing micron and SiC particles. Surf Coat Technol. 2001;148(2-3):171-8.

Gyftou P, Stroumbouli M, Pavlatou EA, Asimidis P, Spyrellis N. Tribological study of Ni matrix composite coatings containing nano and micro SiC particles. Electrochim Acta. 2005;50(23):4544-50.

Ashassi-Sorkhabi H, Rafizadeh SH. Effect of coating time and heat treatment on structures and corrosion characteristics of electroless Ni-P alloy deposits. Surf Coat Technol. 2004;176(3):318-26.

Dolgikh OV, Kravtsova YG, Sotskaya NV. The effect of composition of electrodeposited Ni-P alloys on the hydrogen evolution rate. Russ J Electrochem. 2010;46:918-24.

Luo H, Leitch M, Behnamian Y, Ma Y, Zeng H, Luo JL. Development of electroless Ni-P/nano-WC composite coatings and investigation on its properties. Surf Coat Technol. 2015;277:99-106.

Tamilarasan TR, Rajendran R, Rajagopal G, Sudagar J. Effect of surfactants on the coating properties and corrosion behaviour of Ni-P-nano-TiO2 coatings. Surf Coat Technol. 2015;276:320-6.

Soleimani R, Mahboubi F, Kazemi M, Arman SY. Corrosion and tribological behaviour of electroless Ni-P/nano-SiC composite coating on aluminium 6061. Surf Eng. 2015;31(9):714-21.

Jeong DH, Erb U, Aust KT, Palumbo G. The relationship between hardness and abrasive wear resistance of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni-P coatings. Scr Mater. 2003;48(8):1067-72.

Daly BP, Barry FJ. Electrochemical nickel-phosphorus alloy formation. Int Mater Rev. 2003;48(5):326-38.

Balaraju JN, Jahan SM, Jain A, Rajam KS. Structure and phase transformation behavior of electroless Ni-P alloys containing tin and tungsten. J Alloys Compd. 2007;436(1-2):319-27.

Materials H, Wang J, Zhang F, Zhang T, Liu W, Li W, et al. Preparation of Ni-P-diamond coatings with dry friction characteristics and abrasive wear resistance. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater. 2018;70:32-8.

Kothanam N, Harachai K, Qin J, Boonyongmaneerat Y, Triroj N, Jaroenapibal P. Hardness and tribological properties of electrodeposited Ni-P multilayer coatings fabricated through a stirring time-controlled technique. J Mater Res Technol. 2022;19:1884-96.

Xu H, Yang Z, Li M, Shi Y, Huang Y, Li H. Synthesis and properties of electroless Ni-P-Nanometer diamond composite coatings. Surf Coat Technol. 2005;191(2-3):161-5.

Das MK, Li R, Qin J, Zhang X, Das K, Thueploy A, et al. Effect of electrodeposition conditions on structure and mechanical properties of Ni-W/diamond composite coatings. Surf Coat Technol. 2017;309:337-43.

Harachai K, Kothanam N, Qin J, Boonyongmaneerat Y, Jaroenapibal P. Hardness and tribological properties of co-electrodeposited Ni-W-B/B coatings. Surf Coat Technol. 2020;402:126313.

Harachai K, Qin J, Boonyongmaneerat Y, Jaroenapibal P. Influences of boron concentration on mechanical properties of Ni-W-B composite coatings. Key Eng Mater. 2019;801:166-71.

Sadeghi A, Dietrich D, Mehner T, Scharf I, Nickel D, Lampke T. Phosphorus distribution in electrodeposited Ni-P-diamond composites influencing structure and mechanical properties. Adv Mater Res. 2014;829:105-9.

Bredael E, Celis JP, Roos JR. NiP electrodeposition on a rotating-disc electrode and in a jet cell: relationship between plating parameters and structural characteristics. Surf Coat Technol. 1993;58(1):63-71.

Wang HT, Sheu HH, Ger MD, Hou KH. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni-W/diamond composite coatings. Surf Coat Technol. 2014;259(Part B):268-73.

Ogihara H, Safuan M, Saji T. Effect of electrodeposition conditions on hardness of Ni-B/diamond composite films. Surf Coat Technol. 2012;212:180-4.