Novel mesoporous carbon-silica composites from vinasse for the removal of dyes from aqueous silk dyeing wastes

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Published: Sep 13, 2022
Keywords:
Vinasse Mesoporous Carbon-silica composite Adsorbent Silk dye

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Tippawan Ponnikorn
Biomass & Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Jesper T. N. Knijnenburg
Biodiversity and Environmental Management Division, International College, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Duncan J. Macquarrie
Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, YO10 5DD, UK
Yuvarat Ngernyen
Biomass & Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand

Abstract

Novel mesoporous carbon-silica composites were prepared from vinasse, a by-product from ethanol production, as the carbon source, and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and potassium silicate (K2SiO3) as low-cost silica source alternatives to tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). The composites were characterized for their surface area and porous properties using nitrogen adsorption-desorption porosimetry. The composites possessed a high mesopore volume (45-77%) with moderate specific surface areas (343-656 m2/g) and pore size of 3.12-5.58 nm. The adsorption behaviour of carbon-silica composites for the removal of four silk dyes (Green 41, Blue 32, Dark red 34 and Dark gold brown 35) from aqueous solution was investigated and compared with a commercial activated carbon. The effects of adsorption time, dye concentration, pH and temperature were analyzed. The dye adsorption kinetics of all four dyes followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model, suggesting chemisorption as the dominant mechanism. Moreover, the intraparticle diffusion model showed that both internal diffusion and external diffusion were rate-limiting. The maximum adsorption capacities for all dyes were found at pH ~ 2. The equilibrium data for silk dyes adsorption were best described by the Langmuir equation, thus indicating monolayer adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the dye adsorption was an endothermic process (ΔH > 0). The negative values of free energy (ΔG) confirmed that dye adsorption was spontaneous at the investigated temperatures (303-323 K). For all dyes, the maximum adsorption capacities of carbon-silica composites were comparable to the commercial activated carbon. The combination of vinasse with low-cost silica sources is a promising approach to produce inexpensive carbon-silica composites for application as adsorbents for dye removal from aqueous waste solutions generated during silk manufacture and dyeing.

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How to Cite
Ponnikorn, T. ., Knijnenburg, J. T. N. ., Macquarrie, D. J. ., & Ngernyen, Y. (2022). Novel mesoporous carbon-silica composites from vinasse for the removal of dyes from aqueous silk dyeing wastes. Engineering and Applied Science Research, 49(5), 707–719. Retrieved from https://ph01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/easr/article/view/248509
Issue
Vol. 49 No. 5 (2022)
Section
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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