Designing of the small mixed-flow dryer and studying of hot air distributions
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Abstract
The objective of this research is to design a mixed flow grain dryer for agricultural purposes at community level. The study focuses on the transmission of heated air within the drying chamber to design a drying system for thorough heating of grain. The drying chamber of the prototype has a width, length and height of 40, 50 and 120 cm, respectively. The dryer can hold 120 kg of grain with continuous drying. The 1 hp blower and 6 kW electric heater are used to generate hot air for drying. The hot air and moist air ducts are located in separate layers within the chamber. The moist air is then directed to the outlet. Each duct is in the shape of an equilateral triangle with a length of 6 cm. There are 10 layers with a spacing of 10 cm. Thermocouples were installed at the top, middle and bottom of the chamber to measure the temperature distribution. The results showed that the temperature distribution could be explained by the quadratic polynomial model with coefficients of determination (R2) of 78.84%, 75.57% and 71.18% for the top, middle and bottom parts, respectively. The middle and lower parts of the chamber exhibited the most constant temperature. This prototype can operate under similar drying conditions as the large 30-40 m3 mixed flow dryer. Therefore, it could be used at the municipal enterprise level in the future.
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