Grid-Connected Self-Consumption Photovoltaic Solar Energy Production Design and Simulation Evaluation in Type II Climate Areas of Southeastern Philippines

Authors

  • Anastacio G. Pantaleon, Jr. North Eastern Mindanao State University - Bislig Campus, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur 8311, Philippines

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69650/rast.2024.254448

Keywords:

Photovoltaic , Solar, Type II Climate, Cloudy Skies

Abstract

Renewable energy production is urgently needed to sustain all sorts of life generations walking on this planet. This research designed an 18 kWh per day of grid-connected solar energy production with a backup system battery for self-consumption. The design is proposed in the Southeastern part of the Philippines (Eastern Mindanao), particularly a part with Type II Climate at a 10-degree tilt angle and zero degrees relative to the Azimuth. It is arranged in two strings of eight 360 Watts monocrystalline-silicon modules, two 3.6 kVA inverters, six parallel 54 Ampere-hour battery systems, and two 30 ampere capacity charge controllers. It was then simulated in the computer software PVSyst 7.2.12, resulting in a monthly average performance ratio of 0.811, which is relatively high relative to other designs and locations. Furthermore, 94.0 tons of carbon dioxide with a present value equal to Php 157,666.2 are prevented by the designed system for 252.074 megawatts-hours in its 30 years of power production. The designed system has an estimated 18.05% internal rate of return with a total social cost of carbon value of Php 236,501 of the 31m2 panel area.

References

Department of Energy, Philippines. Philippine Energy Plan 2020 – 2040, https://www.doe.gov.ph/sites/default/files/pdf/pep/PEP 2022-2040 Final eCopy_20220819.pdf (2020).

Jafari, M., Malekjamshidi, Z., Zhu, J. and Khooban, M. H., A novel predictive fuzzy logic-based energy management system for grid-connected and off-grid operation of residential smart microgrids. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics. 8(2) (2020) 1391–1404, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2018.2882509.

Guney, M. S. Solar power and application methods. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 57 (2016) 776–785, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.055.

Green, M. How did solar cells get so cheap?. Joule. 3(3) (2019) 631-633, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2019.02.010.

Jiang, H., Gu, Y., Xie, Y., Yang, R. and Zhang, Y., Solar irradiance capturing in cloudy sky days-a convolutional neural network based image regression approach. IEEE Access. 8 (2020) 22235–22248, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2969549.

Kelly, N. A. and Gibson, T. L., Improved photovoltaic energy output for cloudy conditions with a solar tracking system. Solar Energy. 83(11) (2009) 2092–2102, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2009.08.009.

Addun, E. J. T., Aguilar, J. C. S., Aquino, J. M. Z., Bucad, J. C. and Freneil R. P. Performance Assessment of 676.8 kW Grid-Tied Solar Power Generating System at S&R San Fernando, Pampanga. Iconic Research and Engineering Journals. 6(1) (2022) 390–399.

Dellosa, J. and Palconit, E. V., Resource assessment of a floating solar photovoltaic (fspv) system with artificial intelligence applications in Lake Mainit, Philippines. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research. 12(2) (2022) 8410–8415, doi: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4863.

Zeraatpisheh, M., Arababadi, R. and Pour, M. S., Economic analysis for residential solar PV systems based on different demand charge tariffs. Energies. 11(12) (2018) 3271, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en11123271.

Steckel, J. C., Dorband, I. I., Montrone, L., Ward, H., Missbach, L., Hafner, F., Jakob, M. and Renner, S., Distributional impacts of carbon pricing in developing Asia. Nature Sustainability. 4(11) (2021) 1005–1014, doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-021-00758-8.

Elsaraf, H., Khan, R. and Shervani, S., Design of a utility scale solar farm in Saudi Arabia. Trends in Technical & Scientific Research. 4(3) (2020) 91-107, doi: https://doi.org/10.19080/ttsr.2020.04.555639.

Shirzad, S., Fazli, A., Zgham, W. and Fatemi, S. Design and development of grid-connected solar pv power plant using pvsyst. Academic Journal of Research and Scientific Publishing. 5(52) (2023) 67–86,doi: https://doi.org/10.52132/ajrsp.e.2023.52.3.

Innocent, W., Ikoiwak, E. A. and Ameze, B.-A., Design and simulation of an on-grid photovoltaic system. International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Research. 3(1) (2021) 20–28, doi: https://doi.org/10.47933/ijeir.758978.

Kumar, N. M., Kumar, M. R., Rejoice, P. R. and Mathew, M., Performance analysis of 100 kWp grid connected Si-poly photovoltaic system using PVsyst simulation tool. Energy Procedia. 117 (2017) 180–189, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.121.

Muñoz, Y., Orlando, V., Gustavo, P. and Jairo, V., Sizing and study of the energy production of a grid-tied photovoltaic system using pv syst software. Tecciencia. 12(22) (2016) 27–32, doi: https://doi.org/10.18180/tecciencia.2017.22.4.

Sreenath, S., Sudhakar, K., Yusop, A. F., Solomin, E. and Kirpichnikova, I. M., Solar PV energy system in Malaysian airport: glare analysis, general design and performance assessment. Energy Reports. 6 (2020) 698–712, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.03.015.

Najafi Ashtiani, M., Toopshekan, A., Razi Astaraei, F., Yousefi, H. and Maleki, A. Techno-economic analysis of a grid-connected PV/battery system using the teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm. Solar Energy, 203 (2020) 69–82, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.04.007.

Ali, W., Farooq, H., Rehman, A. U., Awais, Q., Jamil, M. and Noman, A. Design considerations of stand-alone solar photovoltaic systems. in 2018 International Conference on Computing, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (ICE Cube). (2019), 1–6, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECUBE.2018.8610970.

The World Bank and the International Finance Corporation. Global Solar Atlas, <https://globalsolaratlas.info/map?c=8.215499,126.194282,11&s=8.262457,126.276855&m=site&pv=ground,180,7,1000> (2022).

Haberlin, H. in Photovoltaics system design and practice, Wiley & Sons, Ltd., (2012).

Zafar, M. H., Al-Shahrani, T., Khan, N. M., Mirza, A. F., Mansoor, M., Qadir, M. U., Khan, M. I. and Naqvi, R. A., Group teaching optimization algorithm based mppt control of pv systems under partial shading and complex partial shading. Electronics (Switzerland). 9(11) (2020) 1–24, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111962.

Hlal, M. I., Ramachandaramurthy, V. K., Sarhan, A., Pouryekta, A. and Subramaniam, U., Optimum battery depth of discharge for off-grid solar PV/battery system. Journal of Energy Storage. 26(September) (2019) 100999, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2019.100999.

McEvoy, A., Markvart, T. and Castaner, L. Practical handbook of photovoltaics: fundamentals and applications. 2nd edn, Elsevier Science, 2011.

Adam, J. S. and Fashina, A. A., Design of a hybrid solar photovoltaic system for Gollis University’s administrative block, Somaliland. International Journal of Physical Research. 7(2) (2019) 37-47,doi: https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v7i2.28949.

Haque, N. M., Islam, A., Miah, S., Rashid, M. and Ray, S., Battery-less cost effective photo-voltaic ( pv ) smart grid scheme of leading university , Bangladesh. Journal of Power Electronics & Power Systems. 11(1) 8–19, doi: https://doi.org/10.37591/JoPEPS.

Verma, J. K. and Dondapati, R. S., Techno-economic Sizing Analysis of Solar PV System for Domestic Refrigerators. Energy Procedia. 109 (2017) 286–292, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.068.

El Shenawy, E. T., Hegazy, A. H. and Abdellatef, M., Design and optimization of stand-alone PV system for Egyptian rural communities. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. 12(20) (2017) 10433–10446, doi: https://www.ripublication.com/ijaer17/ijaerv12n20_168.pdf.

Mertens, K. Photovoltaics fundamentals, technology and practice. 1st edn, WILEY, 2014.

WorldStandards. Country-by-country list of plugs, sockets and voltages, <https://www.worldstandards.eu/electricity/plug-voltage-by-country/> (2024).

LEONICS CO., LTD. How to Design Solar PV System, <https://www.leonics.com/support/article2_12j/articles2_12j_en.php> (2021).

Smets, A., Jäger, K., Isabella, O., Van Swaaij, R. and Zeman, M. Solar Energy: The physics and engineering of photovoltaic conversion, technologies and systems. 1st edn, Bloomsbury, 2016.

Boxwell, M, Solar Electricity Handbook. 2019 Edition, Greenstream Publishing, 2019.

Rosser, D. Solar Power for Beginners: A DIY Guide to Using Photovoltaic Solar Panels and More to Capture Energy for Your Home and off the Grid for RVS, Vans, Boats, Cabins, and Other Tiny Houses, Primasta, 2021.

Laguado-Serrano, M. A., Sepulveda-Mora, S. B., Luna-Paipa, E. A. and Bustos-Márquez, L. F., Performance comparison between PWM and MPPT charge controllers. Scientia et Technica. 24(1) (2019) 6-11, doi: https://doi.org/10.22517/23447214.20681.

Belmahdi, B. and El Bouardi, A., Solar potential assessment using PVsyst software in the northern zone of Morocco. Procedia Manufacturing. 46 (2019) 738–745, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.03.104.

Müller, M., Viernstein, L., Nam, C., Eiting, A., Hesse, H. C., Witzmann, R. and Jossen, A, Evaluation of grid-level adaptability for stationary battery energy storage system applications in Europe. Journal of Energy Storage. 9 (2017) 1–11, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2016.11.005.

Li, Y., Gao, W. and Ruan, Y., Performance investigation of grid-connected residential PV-battery system focusing on enhancing self-consumption and peak shaving in Kyushu, Japan. Renewable Energy. 127 (2018) 514-523, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.04.074.

Camilo, F. M., Castro, R., Almeida, M. E. and Pires, V. F., Economic assessment of residential PV systems with self-consumption and storage in Portugal. Solar Energy. 150 (2017) 353–362, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.04.062.

Zhang, Y., Campana, P. E., Lundblad, A. and Yan, J., Comparative study of hydrogen storage and battery storage in grid connected photovoltaic system : Storage sizing and rule-based operation q. Applied Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.03.123

Dey, D. and Subudhi, B. , Design, simulation and economic evaluation of 90 kW grid connected Photovoltaic system. Energy Reports. 6 (2020) 1778–1787, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.04.027.

AL-Rasheedi, M., Gueymard, C. A., Al-Khayat, M., Ismail, A., Lee, J. A. and Al-Duaj, H., Performance evaluation of a utility-scale dual-technology photovoltaic power plant at the Shagaya Renewable Energy Park in Kuwait. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 133 (2020) 110139, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110139.

Levasseur, A., Mercier-Blais, S., Prairie, Y. T., Tremblay, A., and Turpin, C., Improving the accuracy of electricity carbon footprint: Estimation of hydroelectric reservoir greenhouse gas emissions. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 136 (2020) 110433, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110433.

Zhang, Y., Lundblad, A., Campana, P. E., Benavente, F. and Yan, J., Battery sizing and rule-based operation of grid-connected photovoltaic-battery system: A case study in Sweden. Energy Conversion and Management. 133 (2017) 249–263, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.11.060.

International Energy Agency. Fossil Fuel Subsidies in Clean Energy Transitions: Time for a New Approach?: IEA, Paris, CC BY 4.0, <https://www.iea.org/reports/fossil-fuel-subsidies-in-clean-energy-transitions-time-for-a-new-approach> (2023).

Rennert, K., Kingdon, C., Rennels, L., Cooke, R., Raftery, A. E., Ševčíková, H., Ševčíková, Š., Errickson, F., Prest, B. C., Pizer, W. A., Newell, R. G. and Anthoff, D. The social cost of carbon: advances in long-term probabilistic projections of population, gdp, emissions, and discount rates. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. (2) (2021) 223-305,doi: https://doi.org/10.1353/eca.2022.0003.

Wolff, B., Kühnert, J., Lorenz, E., Kramer, O. and Heinemann, D., Comparing support vector regression for PV power forecasting to a physical modeling approach using measurement, numerical weather prediction, and cloud motion data. Solar Energy. 135 (2016) 197–208, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2016.05.051.

Dhimish, M.,Thermal impact on the performance ratio of photovoltaic systems: A case study of 8000 photovoltaic installations. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 21 (2020) 100693,doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2020.100693.

Mi, Z., Chen, J., Chen, N., Bai, Y., Wu, W., Fu, R. and Liu, H., Performance analysis of a grid-connected high concentrating photovoltaic system under practical operation conditions. Energies. 9(2) (2016) 1–12, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en9020117.

Gulkowski, S. and Zdyb, A. Performance assessment of four different photovoltaic technologies in Poland. Energies. 13(196) (2020) 1-17, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13010196.

Ren, H., Wu, Q., Gao, W. and Zhou, W. Optimal operation of a grid-connected hybrid PV / fuel cell / battery energy system for residential applications. Energy. 113 (2016) 702–712, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.07.091.

Allouhi, A., Solar PV integration in commercial buildings for self-consumption based on life-cycle economic/environmental multi-objective optimization. Journal of Cleaner Production. 270 (2020) 122375, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122375.

Destek, M. A. and Aslan, A., Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth in emerging economies: Evidence from bootstrap panel causality. Renewable Energy. 111 (2017) 757–763, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.05.008.

Google LLC. Map of Brgy. Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur, Philippines, <https://earth.google.com/> (2023).

Downloads

Published

2024-07-12

How to Cite

Jr., A. G. P. (2024). Grid-Connected Self-Consumption Photovoltaic Solar Energy Production Design and Simulation Evaluation in Type II Climate Areas of Southeastern Philippines. Journal of Renewable Energy and Smart Grid Technology, 19(1), 31–39. https://doi.org/10.69650/rast.2024.254448