Telomere length distribution in blood and saliva by RT-PCR in age-varying Thais: A Pilot Study
บทคัดย่อ
The old-age populations are increasing in number in virtually every country. Identifying reliable biological indicators of virtual aging is a key objective in geroscience. Telomeres, the DNA–protein structures located at the ends of chromosomes, have been convincingly proposed a biomarker of aging. Epidemiologic studies show an association between telomere length (TL) in leukocyte and aging. This study investigated TL in blood leukocytes and cells in saliva samples of 108 healthy Thai population at various age ranges. Subjects were divided into four groups (I:21-40 years, II:41-60 years, III:61-80 years and IV:80 years up), The extracted DNA was analysed for TL by qPCR. The mean length of the telomere were found statistically significant different among age groups and decrease with increasing age (p-value < 0.05) in both blood and saliva samples. The means of TL in I, II, III, and IV in blood were 1.03±0.016, 0.92±0.022, 0.82±0.028, and 0.56±0.100, respectively; whereas in saliva were 1.07±0.021, 0.95±0.022, 0.82±0.028, and 0.59±0.040, respectively. In addition, the relationship of TL in blood and saliva was R = 0.418, p-value = 0.00. The preliminary results demonstrated consistent telomere length measurements in saliva as an alternative peripheral source compared to blood. Saliva could be considered as a non-invasive and as a reliable source of DNA for measuring telomere length
References
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21. Newton, C. A., Zhang, D., Oldham, J. M., Kozlitina, J., Ma, S. F., Martinez, F. J., … Garcia, C. K. (2019). Telomere length and use of immunosuppressive medications in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 200(3), 336–347. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201809-1646OC
22. Parks, C. G., Miller, D. B., McCanlies, E. C., Cawthon, R. M., Andrew, M. E., DeRoo, L. A., & Sandler, D. P. (2009). Telomere length, current perceived stress, and urinary stress hormones in women. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : A Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 18(2), 551–560. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0614
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23. R., Jones, M. H., …Mattiello, R. (2017). Effects of Diet on Telomere Length: Systematic Review andMeta-Analysis. Public Health Genomics, 20(5), 286–292. https://doi.org/10.1159/000486586
24. Puterman, E., Lin, J., Blackburn, E., O’Donovan, A., Adler, N., & Epel, E. (2010). The power of exercise: Buffering the effect of chronic stress on telomere length. PLoS ONE, 5(5), e10837. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010837
25. Qun, X., Parks, C. G., DeRoo, L. A., Cawthon, R. M., Sandler, D. P., & Chen, H. (2009). Multivitamin use and telomere length in women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 89(6), 1857–1863. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26986
26. Rezvan, A. (2017). Telomeres, oxidative stress, and myocardial infarction. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehx305
Satoh, H., Hiyama, K., Takeda, M., Awaya, Y., Watanabe, K., Ihara, Y., …
27. Yamakido, M. (1996). Telomere shortening in peripheral blood cells was related with aging but not with white blood cell count. Japanese Journal of Human Genetics, 41(4), 413–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01876332
28. Satoh, M., Ishikawa, Y., Takahashi, Y., Itoh, T., Minami, Y., & Nakamura, M. (2008). Association between oxidative DNA damage and telomere shortening in circulating endothelial progenitor cells obtained from metabolic syndrome patients with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis, 198(2), 347–353. ttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.09.040
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31. Thiede, C., Prange-Krex, G., Freiberg-Richter, J., Bornhäuser, M., & Ehninger, G. (2000). Buccal swabs but not mouthwash samples can be used to obtain pretransplant DNA fingerprints from recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplants. Bone Marrow Transplantation, Vol. 25, pp. 575–577. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1702170
32. Tsoukalas, D., Fragkiadaki, P., Docea, A. O., Alegakis, A. K., Sarandi, E., Vakonaki, E., … Calina, D. (2019). Association of nutraceutical supplements with longer telomere length. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 44(1), 218–226. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4191
33. Wang, J., Dong, X., Cao, L., Sun, Y., Qiu, Y., Zhang, Y., … Zhong, L. (2016). Association between telomere length and diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Journal of International Medical Research, 44(6), 1156–1173. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060516667132
34. Welendorf, C., Nicoletti, C. F., Pinhel, M. A. de S., Noronha, N. Y., de Paula, B. M. F., & Nonino, C. B. (2019, October 1). Obesity, weight loss, and its influence on telomere length: New insights for personalized nutrition. Nutrition, Vol. 66, pp. 115–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2019.05.002
35. Werner, C., Fürster, T., Widmann, T., Pöss, J., Roggia, C., Hanhoun, M., … Laufs, U. (2009). Physical exercise prevents cellular senescence in circulating leukocytes and in the vessel wall. Circulation, 120(24), 2438–2447. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.861005
36. WHO. (2012). The health-care challenges posed by population ageing. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 90, 82–83. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0042-96862012000200005
37. Yang, Z., Huang, X., Jiang, H., Zhang, Y., Liu, H., Qin, C., … Ju, Z. (2009). Short telomeres and prognosis of hypertension in a chinese population. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 53(4), 639–645. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.123752
38. Yeh, J. K., & Wang, C. Y. (2016). Telomeres and telomerase in cardiovascular diseases. Genes, 7(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/genes7090058
39. Zglinicki, T., & Martin-Ruiz, C. (2005). Telomeres as Biomarkers for Ageing and Age-Related Diseases. Current Molecular Medicine, 5(2), 197–203. https://doi.org/10.2174/1566524053586545
2. Barnham, K. J., Masters, C. L., & Bush, A. I. (2004). Neurodegenerative diseases and oxidatives stress. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Vol. 3, pp. 205–214. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd1330
3. Bohr, V. A. (2002). Repair of oxidative DNA damage in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and some changes with aging in mammalian cells. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 32(9), 804–812. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(02)00787-6
4. Calado, R., & Young, N. (2012). Telomeres in disease. F1000 Medicine Reports, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.3410/M4-8
5. Cawthon, R. M. (2002). Telomere measurement by quantitative PCR. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/30.10.e47
6. Cawthon, Richard M., Smith, K. R., O’Brien, E., Sivatchenko, A., & Kerber, R. A. (2003). Association between telomere length in blood and mortality in people aged 60 years or older. Lancet, 361(9355), 393–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12384-7
7. Chan, S. R. W. L., & Blackburn, E. H. (2004). Telomeres and telomerase. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 359(1441), 109–121. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1370
8. Daniali, L., Benetos, A., Susser, E., Kark, J. D., Labat, C., Kimura, M., … Aviv, A. (2013). Telomeres shorten at equivalent rates in somatic tissues of adults. Nature Communications, 4, 1597. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2602
9. Dixit, S., Whooley, M. A., Vittinghoff, E., Roberts, J. D., Heckbert, S. R., Fitzpatrick, A. L., … Marcus, G. M. (2019). Alcohol consumption and leukocyte telomere length. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-38904-0
10. Du, M., Prescott, J., Kraft, P., Han, J., Giovannucci, E., Hankinson, S. E., & De Vivo, I. (2012). Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and leukocyte telomere length in women. American Journal of Epidemiology, 175(5), 414–422. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwr330
11. Farzaneh-Far, R., Lin, J., Epel, E. S., Harris, W. S., Blackburn, E. H., & Whooley, M. A. (2010). Association of marine omega-3 fatty acid levels with telomeric aging in patients with coronary heart disease. JAMA : The Journal of the American Medical Association, 303(3), 250–257. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.2008
12. Gardner, J. P., Li, S., Srinivasan, S. R., Chen, W., Kimura, M., Lu, X., … Aviv, A. (2005). Rise in insulin resistance is associated with escalated telomere attrition. Circulation, 111(17), 2171–2177. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000163550.70487.0B
13. Guan, J. Z., Maeda, T., Sugano, M., Oyama, J. I., Higuchi, Y., & Makino, N. (2007). Change in the telomere length distribution with age in the Japanese population. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 304(1–2), 353–360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-007-9518-2
14. Jafri, M. A., Ansari, S. A., Alqahtani, M. H., & Shay, J. W. (2016, June 20). Roles of telomeres and telomerase in cancer, and advances in telomerase-targeted therapies. Genome Medicine, Vol. 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-016-0324-x
15. Lin, J., Smith, D. L., Esteves, K., & Drury, S. (2019, January 1). Telomere length measurement by qPCR – Summary of critical factors and recommendations for assay design. Psychoneuroendocrinology, Vol. 99, pp. 271–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.10.005
16. Liu, M., Huo, Y. R., Wang, J., Wang, C., Liu, S., Liu, S., … Ji, Y. (2016). Telomere shortening in alzheimer’s disease patients. Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science, 46(3),
260–265.
17. Livak, K. J., & Schmittgen, T. D. (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCT method. Methods, 25(4), 402–408. https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262
18. Mathur, M. B., Epel, E., Kind, S., Desai, M., Parks, C. G., Sandler, D. P., & Khazeni, N. (2016). Perceived stress and telomere length: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and methodologic considerations for advancing the field. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 54, 158–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.02.002
19. Mirabello, L., Yu, K., Kraft, P., De Vivo, I., Hunter, D. J., Prescott, J., … Savage, S. A. (2010). The association of telomere length and genetic variation in telomere biology genes. Human Mutation, 31(9), 1050–1058. https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.21314
20. Needham, B. L., Adler, N., Gregorich, S., Rehkopf, D., Lin, J., Blackburn, E. H., & Epel, E. S. (2013). Socioeconomic status, health behavior, and leukocyte telomere length in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002. Social Science and Medicine, 85, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.02.023
21. Newton, C. A., Zhang, D., Oldham, J. M., Kozlitina, J., Ma, S. F., Martinez, F. J., … Garcia, C. K. (2019). Telomere length and use of immunosuppressive medications in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 200(3), 336–347. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201809-1646OC
22. Parks, C. G., Miller, D. B., McCanlies, E. C., Cawthon, R. M., Andrew, M. E., DeRoo, L. A., & Sandler, D. P. (2009). Telomere length, current perceived stress, and urinary stress hormones in women. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : A Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 18(2), 551–560. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0614
Pérez, L. M., Amaral, M. A., Mundstock, E., Barbé-Tuana, F. M., Guma, F. T. C.
23. R., Jones, M. H., …Mattiello, R. (2017). Effects of Diet on Telomere Length: Systematic Review andMeta-Analysis. Public Health Genomics, 20(5), 286–292. https://doi.org/10.1159/000486586
24. Puterman, E., Lin, J., Blackburn, E., O’Donovan, A., Adler, N., & Epel, E. (2010). The power of exercise: Buffering the effect of chronic stress on telomere length. PLoS ONE, 5(5), e10837. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010837
25. Qun, X., Parks, C. G., DeRoo, L. A., Cawthon, R. M., Sandler, D. P., & Chen, H. (2009). Multivitamin use and telomere length in women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 89(6), 1857–1863. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26986
26. Rezvan, A. (2017). Telomeres, oxidative stress, and myocardial infarction. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehx305
Satoh, H., Hiyama, K., Takeda, M., Awaya, Y., Watanabe, K., Ihara, Y., …
27. Yamakido, M. (1996). Telomere shortening in peripheral blood cells was related with aging but not with white blood cell count. Japanese Journal of Human Genetics, 41(4), 413–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01876332
28. Satoh, M., Ishikawa, Y., Takahashi, Y., Itoh, T., Minami, Y., & Nakamura, M. (2008). Association between oxidative DNA damage and telomere shortening in circulating endothelial progenitor cells obtained from metabolic syndrome patients with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis, 198(2), 347–353. ttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.09.040
29. Shammas, M. A. (2011). Telomeres, lifestyle, cancer, and aging. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 14(1), 28–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e32834121b1
30. Terry, D. F., Nolan, V. G., Andersen, S. L., Perls, T. T., & Cawthon, R. (2008). Association of longer telomeres with better health in centenarians. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/63.8.809
31. Thiede, C., Prange-Krex, G., Freiberg-Richter, J., Bornhäuser, M., & Ehninger, G. (2000). Buccal swabs but not mouthwash samples can be used to obtain pretransplant DNA fingerprints from recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplants. Bone Marrow Transplantation, Vol. 25, pp. 575–577. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1702170
32. Tsoukalas, D., Fragkiadaki, P., Docea, A. O., Alegakis, A. K., Sarandi, E., Vakonaki, E., … Calina, D. (2019). Association of nutraceutical supplements with longer telomere length. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 44(1), 218–226. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4191
33. Wang, J., Dong, X., Cao, L., Sun, Y., Qiu, Y., Zhang, Y., … Zhong, L. (2016). Association between telomere length and diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Journal of International Medical Research, 44(6), 1156–1173. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060516667132
34. Welendorf, C., Nicoletti, C. F., Pinhel, M. A. de S., Noronha, N. Y., de Paula, B. M. F., & Nonino, C. B. (2019, October 1). Obesity, weight loss, and its influence on telomere length: New insights for personalized nutrition. Nutrition, Vol. 66, pp. 115–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2019.05.002
35. Werner, C., Fürster, T., Widmann, T., Pöss, J., Roggia, C., Hanhoun, M., … Laufs, U. (2009). Physical exercise prevents cellular senescence in circulating leukocytes and in the vessel wall. Circulation, 120(24), 2438–2447. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.861005
36. WHO. (2012). The health-care challenges posed by population ageing. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 90, 82–83. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0042-96862012000200005
37. Yang, Z., Huang, X., Jiang, H., Zhang, Y., Liu, H., Qin, C., … Ju, Z. (2009). Short telomeres and prognosis of hypertension in a chinese population. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 53(4), 639–645. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.123752
38. Yeh, J. K., & Wang, C. Y. (2016). Telomeres and telomerase in cardiovascular diseases. Genes, 7(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/genes7090058
39. Zglinicki, T., & Martin-Ruiz, C. (2005). Telomeres as Biomarkers for Ageing and Age-Related Diseases. Current Molecular Medicine, 5(2), 197–203. https://doi.org/10.2174/1566524053586545
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