Sterols and Nutritional Values in Some Macroalgae
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Abstract
The present investigation evaluated the sterol composition and nutritional value of four macroalgal species, Gracilaria salicornia, G. fisheri, Ulva lactuca, and U. intestinalis. Analysis of sterol extracts revealed distinct profiles for each species in both the types and relative abundances of the sterols identified. A comparative nutritional assessment of the Rhodophyta species indicated that G. salicornia exhibited a superior fatty acid profile, with a greater proportion of unsaturated fatty acids compared to G. fisheri. Notably, the detection of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) underscores the potential of these species as a source of valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids. Comparative analysis between the two Rhodophyta species, G. salicornia and G. fisheri, showed similar amino acid, protein, and fat contents, but differing mineral compositions, with G. fisheri being richer in calcium and G. salicornia in iron. For the Chlorophyta, U. lactuca exhibited higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids and magnesium compared to U. intestinalis. Their dominant amino acids differed (cysteine in U. lactuca, aspartic acid in U. intestinalis), and all proximate composition parameters (moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate) were distinct. These findings underscore the nutritional potential of these species for food applications and provide critical data to guide their future commercial cultivation and utilization.
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