Optimum Condition of ß-glucan Extraction from Schizophyllum Commune using Ultrasonic Technique and Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

Schizophyllum commune contains of ß-glucan named Schizophyllan, which is water soluble polysaccharide with various cosmeceutical properties. The objective of this study is to investigate the optimum condition for ß-glucan extraction. Solvent extraction was done by 65% ethanol and with 45 Hz ultrasonic. Vacuum evaporator was applied for evaporating solvent from the extract. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the study of extraction time (X₁) 0 – 60 min, ratio of Schizophyllum commune and solvent (X₂) 1:5 - 1:20 and the temperature of ultrasonic (X₃) 40 – 60^oC. The optimum condition inverted that the extraction time, the ratio and the temperature of ultrasonic were 48 min, 1:17 and 45^oC, respectively. The analytical results of the extract inverted that ß-glucan content, phenolic content, flavonoid content, and DPPH scavenging activity were 40.48%, 2,701 mg gallic/100 g mushroom, 53.82 mg quercetin/100 g mushroom and 73.16%, respectively. The quadratic model has been accepted as a mathematical model. The significant level of α is equal 0.05, the p-value of the equation model is appropriate. Hence, the regression model derived from the experimental data could describe the correlation among the three independent variables studied and provide the accurate prediction of ß-glucan content from Schizophyllum commune.