Diversity and the ability in substance production of Fungi isolated from pagodas of Ayutthaya Historical Park

Abstract

Fungi is the filamentous microorganism with eukaryotic cell. The fungi were found in environment and played role in the biodeterioration of historic ruins. The aim of this research was to study diversity and ability in producing substances affected to the pH of cultured broth of fungi which isolated from five historic ruins pagodas of Ayutthaya historical park including of Wat Mahathat, Wat Rat Cha burana, Wat Phra Ram, Wat Phra Sri Sanphet and Ancient Palace.The samples were studied using many methods consisting with using scanning electron microscope (SEM). A standard method was employed to count all the amount of the total fungi. Pure fungi were isolated by using potato dextrose agar. Ability in producing substances that affect the pH of culture broth of the fungi was also studied, together with the diversity differentiated. The finding revealed the diversity of microorganism on the surface of five sample’s ruins when studied by using SEM. The amount of total fungi in soil samples was higher than those from the surface sample. The results of using potato dextrose agar could isolate the fungi 74 pure cultures. Representatives of 25 isolates were taken the ability in producing substance that affect the pH of cultured broth and analyzed morphological study. The result found that all isolates produced acidic substances excepted for RB07 could produce alkaline substances. Furthermore, they were many colors of spore production such as white, black, dark-brown, green and gray. Identification the fungi was carried out using morphological characteristics and spore arrangement. The results revealed that fungi belong to 3 genera including Penicllium sp., Aspergillus sp., and Curvularia sp..