The Potential of Monascus Pigments in Enhancing Skin Coloration in Oranda Goldfish (Carassius auratus)
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Monascus-derived pigments on skin coloration in oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus) and to determine the optimal dietary concentration for pigmentation enhancement. Goldfish were fed diets supplemented with Monascus pigment extract at 0, 5, 10, and 15 g/kg feed for 45 days, and both growth performance and the intensity of skin color changes were evaluated. Results indicated that supplementation with Monascus pigment did not significantly affect weight gain, length gain, survival rate, or feed utilization efficiency compared to the control group. However, pigmentation analysis revealed that lightness and yellowness values were significantly improved in pigment-supplemented groups, particularly at
5 g/kg feed, while redness increased during the initial phase but declined later. These findings suggest that Monascus pigment extract can be utilized as a natural colorant to enhance skin brightness and pigmentation quality in oranda goldfish. The most suitable supplementation level was 5 g/kg feed, which provided stable coloration effects compared to the higher concentrations.
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