Total Phenolics, Antioxidant, Anti-Tyrosinase, Anti-Collagenase and Cell Proliferation Activities of Chrysophyllum cainito Green Fruit Extract
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Abstract
Star apple (Chrysophyllum cainito L.), or Namnom in Thai, is a tropical edible plant. It has been reported to possess various beneficial medicinal properties such as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory. The main active ingredients in star apple are flavonoids which have biological activity in antioxidation, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. The objective of this research was to evaluate the biological activity of crude ethanol extract and their fractions (CCF1-CCF4) from the green fruit of star apple for application in cosmetic products. The results showed that the total phenolic content of the crude extract was 0.34±0.01 mg GAE/mL extract, which was slightly less than that of fraction CCF4 (0.41±0.01 mg GAE/mL extract). At an initial concentration of 5 mg/mL, fraction CCF4 displayed the greatest scavenging activity against DPPH radical (0.31±0.00 mg AAE/mL extract) and also the best reducing ferric iron (FRAP value 1.01±0.03 mg AAE/mL extract). Fraction CCF4 inhibited tyrosinase by 51.82% and at a final concentration of 50 µg/mL, fraction CCF4 inhibited 37.45% collagenase inhibition and stimulated the cell proliferation with 15.06%. The results of the study indicated that fraction CCF4 contains good active ingredients. It is suitable for development for being used as an ingredient in cosmetics.
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