Value–Added Particleboard Development Using Waste and Recycled Materials for Sustainable Utilization
Keywords:
Bio-composite, Value-added, Sustainable, Durian, PolypropyleneAbstract
This research aimed to develop value–added particleboard from waste and recycled materials in order to enhance the value of waste resources, promote efficient resource utilization, and support sustainable development. Engineering–based processing methods were applied to transform waste materials into new products with potential commercial applications. The primary raw materials used in this study were durian peels and areca nut husks, which were processed into particle sizes of 4 and 20 mm. Spent coffee grounds and recycled plastic pellets were employed as reinforcing materials, while isocyanate adhesive was added at proportions of 6%, 9%, and 12% by weight of the raw materials. The mixed materials were blended using a mechanical mixer with adhesive injection, weighed, and formed into boards using a mold with dimensions of 400 × 600 mm. Hot pressing was conducted under a hydraulic pressure of 30 MPa at approximately 160 °C for 10 minutes. The results indicated that particleboard produced from 20 mm durian peel particles with 12% isocyanate adhesive and reinforced with recycled plastic pellets exhibited the most favorable properties. The board demonstrated an average density of 780.02 kg/m³, an average moisture content of 4.36%, an average thickness swelling of 8.24%, and an average internal bond strength of 6.93 MPa. When compared with the Thai Industrial Standard TIS 876–2547, the physical and mechanical properties of the developed particleboard met the required specifications. These findings confirm the feasibility of utilizing waste and recycled materials for the production of sustainable and value–added particleboard.
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