Active-only current-mode integrator: A building block for current-mode analog signal processing circuits

Abstract

A generalized method for designing the continuous-time current-mode integrator. Without the use of external passive elements. Is proposed in this paper. The integrator is composed only of two fundamental circuit building blocks: a transconductor (g_m) and an internally compensated type  operational amplifier. Approaches to realize current-mode network functions: leapfrog ladder filters, an electronically tunable biquadrate filter, and driving-point impedance functions, are presented. Since the approaches are based on the combination of the integrator and transconductane elcments. It convenient and suitable for integrated circuit implementation with systematic design and dense layout. The validity of the proposed design approach has been demonstrated by the PSPICE simulation results.