The development of crop data recording system using NFC technology and economic feasibility analysis

Abstract

This research presents the development and evaluation of a system that integrates Near Field Communication (NFC) tags, a mobile application, and a cloud-based database, enabling real-time crop cultivation traceability through QR codes accessible to vegetable consumers. The system was tested in a hydroponic lettuce farm (10 plots, three planting cycles), where six cultivation activities were recorded and transmitted, with accuracy verified through 300 peer-to-peer transmissions per activity. User satisfaction was evaluated through surveys of 400 farmers and 400 consumers, while an investment analysis was performed on a 6 × 12 m hydroponic greenhouse (four units). The NFC-based system records and transmits data with an average precision of 98.7%. Both farmers and consumers expressed high satisfaction, particularly regarding convenience, durability, and data accuracy. When the selling price of vegetables cultivated with the proposed system was assumed to be 10% higher than that of conventional cultivation, the economic feasibility analysis indicated a payback period (PBP) of 3.84 years, a return on investment (ROI) of 130.09%, a net present value (NPV) of 5,076.07 THB, an internal rate of return (IRR) of 9.46%, and a benefit–cost ratio (BCR) of 1.005. NFC technology, therefore, enhances product credibility and can be regarded as a promising tool for advancing modern agricultural practices.