Preparation of the Cobalt Oxide and Activated Carbon Composite for Supercapacitor Application
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Abstract
In this paper, cobalt oxide (Co3O4) and cobalt oxide/the activated carbon (Co3O4/AC) composite was synthesized by a chemical precipitation process. The crystal structure was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The findings show that cobalt oxide have a cubic structure. The morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM results showed that the Co3O4 had a nano-size which is a particle size in the range of 50-100 nm, and well distributed. The average pore size and specific surface area were analyzed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The specific surface area and an average particle size of the Co3O4 particles are approximately 89.6 m2/g and 51.8 nm, respectively. Whereas Co3O4/AC composite and AC samples have a specific surface area of 750.5 m2/g and 1066.0 m2/g. In an electrochemical study, the Co3O4, Co3O4/AC, and AC were coated on nickel foam by the doctor blade technique. Co3O4, Co3O4/AC and AC give specific capacitance of 184, 80, and 23 F/g when measured at a current density of 1 A/g, respectively. When performing a charge and discharge test with a small current density (1-3 A/g). Co3O4 gave the highest specific capacitance, possibility because Co3O4 was more redox-active than the AC and Co3O4/AC composites, respectively. It was found that when tested at high current density (5 A/g), Co3O4/AC composite material has specific capacitance, the power density and energy density values were greater than the other sample, with values of 55 F/g, 3747 W/kg, and 17.3 Wh/kg, respectively. Moreover, they were also stable up to 100 percent of the retention efficiency after the 1000 charge-discharge cycle test. The Co3O4/AC composite has high power density and high energy density characteristic. The makes Co3O4/AC composite material suitable for use as a supercapacitor electrode.
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