Fabrication of the Nonwoven Polypropylene Fibers from the Melt-Blown Machine for Oil Absorption Application
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Abstract
In this research, a melt-blowing machine was built to produce nonwoven polypropylene fibers for oil absorption. The effect of nozzle temperatures (170, 190, 210, and 230 °C) on fiber characteristics and contact angles of nonwoven polypropylene fibers were studied. The oil absorption capacity of nonwoven polypropylene fibers was tested using ASTM-F726-12 standard method. The maximum oil absorbency was measured after 3 s of oil absorption. The result shows that the maximum oil absorption decreases as the nozzle temperature increases. The oil adsorption values were 20.78±1.46 19.40±1.26 16.34±0.48 and 11.57±2.53 (g/g) when the nozzle temperatures were 170, 190, 210, and 230 °C, respectively. The melting temperature connects fibers to the surrounding fibers, making the fibers larger and some will clump together, reducing gaps between the fibers, and the contact surface area of the nonwoven fiber sheet is reduced with increasing the nozzle temperatures. The results of the oil absorption test at 10-60 min showed a non-linear decrease. The nonwoven polypropylene fibers prepared at a nozzle temperature of 170 °C have the best oil absorbency because they have uniform fiber cohesion characteristics and higher hydrophobic properties than other samples.
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