Prevalence and Pathology of Avian Polyomavirus (APV) and Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease Virus (PBFDV) Infections in Taiwan: A Retrospective Study from 2010 to 2014
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Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate disease prevalence of Avian
polyomavirus (APV) and Psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) infection,
frequently affecting captive psittacine birds. A total of 163 samples of psittacine birds
belonging to 22 genera from a bird farm near by Pingtung, Taiwan was submitted in
2010 and 2014. Each sample was investigated separately using necropsy and histopathological examination by light microscopy. Necropsy examination of APV infected cases revealed were ascities, hydropericardium, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, suggesting the presence of hemorrhages at subcutaneous tissue, proventriculus, heart and liver. For PBFDV cases, they were characterized by loss of feathers, abnormal feathers shap and overgrowth and irregularity of the surface of the beak. Histopathologic examination of APV case showed characteristic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the liver, kidney, spleen and
bone marrow. For PBFDV, a characteristic microscopic finding is the presence of
macrophages containing purple intracytoplasmic inclusions in affected esophagus, crop and feather pulp. The results revealed an APV-positive rate of 16.56% (27/163), a PBFDV-positive rate of 8.59% (14/163) and APV/PBFDV dual infection rate 11.04% (18/163). Overall APV, PBFDV and APV/PBFDV dual infection rate were 36.20% (59/163). In this study the possible outbreak of APV and PBFDV in the future.
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References
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