Study of Renewable Energy Utilization in Smart Buildings: An Analysis of Pathways to Net Zero Energy Building
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Abstract
This research examines the integration of renewable energy into the electrical system of the Industrial Technician School Building at the College of Industrial Technology and Management, aiming to achieve a Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB). The study analyzes energy consumption patterns, designs an optimal renewable energy system, and implements smart energy management based on real consumption data. The findings indicate that installing a 125 kWp Solar PV system and a 250 kWh battery storage can reduce reliance on the public grid by 65 %, with a payback period of eight years. The building’s average energy consumption is 47,264.27 W/day, with key influencing factors including power factor (average 0.58) and external temperatures above 30 oC. Smart energy management reduces total energy consumption by 24 %, primarily through power factor correction (12 % loss reduction) and automated lighting control (25 % energy savings), leading to a CO2 reduction of 118.5 tons/year.
This study provides practical recommendations for educational institutions and industries to develop sustainable buildings by integrating renewable energy with smart management systems.
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