อดีต ปัจจุบัน และอนาคตของปัญหาการจัดเส้นทางยานพาหนะที่พิจารณาประเด็นด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม

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ธนัชพร สมใส
ภูพงษ์ พงษ์เจริญ

บทคัดย่อ

ปัญหาการจัดเส้นทางยานพาหนะที่พิจารณาประเด็นด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม (Green vehicle routing problem: GVRP) เป็นปัญหาที่ถูกพัฒนาต่อยอดจากปัญหาการจัดเส้นทางยานพาหนะ (Vehicle routing problem: VRP) ซึ่งเน้นการพิจารณาผลกระทบทางเศรษฐกิจเป็นหลัก ปัญหา GVRP จึงเพิ่มความสำคัญในการพิจารณาผลกระทบทางด้านสิ่งแวดล้อมร่วมด้วย เพราะสถานการณ์สิ่งแวดล้อมในปัจจุบันที่เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงไปของอุณหภูมิโลก บทความวิจัยนี้จึงได้ทำการทบทวนวรรณกรรมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับปัญหา GVRP โดยสืบค้นจากฐานข้อมูลวิชาการในระดับนานาชาติ ได้แก่ ฐานข้อมูล Scopus, ISI Web of Science และ IEEE Xplore โดยเริ่มสืบค้นตั้งแต่เริ่มมีการตีพิมพ์บทความที่เกี่ยวข้องกับปัญหา GVRP จนกระทั่งถึงปี พ.ศ. 2562 หลังจากทำการคัดกรองและตรวจสอบความซ้ำซ้อนของบทความจากทั้งสามฐานข้อมูล พบบทความที่เกี่ยวข้องทั้งสิ้น 171 ฉบับ แล้วจึงนำมาแจกแจงลงในตารางสรุป เพื่อวิเคราะห์และจำแนกลักษณะของปัญหา ในประเด็นพิจารณาด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม ด้านมลพิษที่เกิดขึ้น และด้านโลจิสติกส์แบบย้อนกลับ ผลลัพธ์ที่ได้จากการทบทวนวรรณกรรม คือ แนวทางการวิจัยในอนาคตสำหรับปัญหา GVRP ควรมุ่งเน้นไปที่การพิจารณาชนิดของยานพาหนะ โหมดการขนส่ง และประเด็นต่าง ๆ ซึ่งถูกกล่าวถึงในหัวข้อการคาดการณ์ช่วงอนาคตของปัญหา GVRP

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สมใส ธ. ., & พงษ์เจริญ ภ. (2020). อดีต ปัจจุบัน และอนาคตของปัญหาการจัดเส้นทางยานพาหนะที่พิจารณาประเด็นด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม. วิศวกรรมสาร มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร, 15(1), 88–113. สืบค้น จาก https://ph01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/nuej/article/view/240294
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