The Correlation Between Occupant Thermal Comfort and Discomfort Glare in Office Buildings in the Tropics: A Case Study in Thailand
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Published:
Dec 31, 2020
Keywords:
discomfort glare thermal comfort office space post-occupancy survey glazing facades
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Abstract
This study aims to clarify the correlation between thermal comfort and discomfort glare. The field survey was performed in office buildings located in Thailand using the comfort indices and the questionnaire survey. The agreement can be found with respect to the glazing performance and sensation level, and the comfort index evaluation must be carefully concerned, as there is a discrepancy in occupants’ responses. It is necessary to comprehensively study the effects of thermal comfort and discomfort glare separately, along with their interactions. The post-occupancy survey is required to optimally enhance the occupants’ comfort assessment.
Article Details
How to Cite
chaloeytoy, kittiwoot, & Ichinose, M. (2020). The Correlation Between Occupant Thermal Comfort and Discomfort Glare in Office Buildings in the Tropics: A Case Study in Thailand. Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning, 19, 97–118. https://doi.org/10.54028/NJ20201997118
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Research Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
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Altomonte, S. & Schiavon, S. (2013) Occupant satisfaction in LEED and non-LEED certified buildings. Building and Environment, Volume 77, 148-159.
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), 2013. ASHRAE/ANSI Standard 55–2013: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy. Atlanta: ASHRAE.
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), 2016. ASHRAE/ANSI Standard 62.1–2016: User's Manual. Atlanta: ASHRAE.
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Boyce, P. 2003. Human factors in lighting (2rd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis/CRC Press.
Cantin F., Dubois F.C. (2011) Daylighting metrics based on illuminance, distribution, glare and directivity. Lighting Research and Technology, Volume 43, 291-307.
Carlucci, S., Causone, F., De Rosa, F., Pagliano, L. (2015) A review of indices for assessing visual comfort with a view to their use in optimization processes to support building integrated design. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 47, 1016-1033.
Chaiyapinunt, S., Phueakphongsuriya, B., Mongkornsaksit, K., Khomporn, N. (2005) Performance rating of glass windows and glass windows with films in aspect of thermal comfort and heat transmission. Energy and Buildings, Volume 37, 725–738.
Daich S., Yacine, S. M., Nourddine Z., Eugenio M., Barbara P. EA., Motie D. A., Towards a new model of light quality assessment based on occupants satisfaction and lighting glare indices. CISBAT International Conference – Future Buildings & Districts – Energy Efficiency from nano to urban scale. Laussane. Switzerland, 2017.
de Dear, R.J., Brager, G.S. (1998) To-wards an Adaptive Model of Thermal Comfort and Preference.” ASHRAE Transactions, Volume 104 (1), 145-167.
Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy , Thailand. 2006. Energy saving label for green products 2006.
Fanger, P.O. (1972) Thermal comfort. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Fukawa, Y., Ichinose, M., Tokuda, E. (2017) Field Investigation on Unacceptable Sensation of Thermal Environment in Taiwan Office. PLEA 2017 PROCEEDINGS, Volume 3, 111-119.
Hirning, M.B. (2014) The Application of Luminance Mapping to Discomfort Glare: a Modified Glare Index for Green Buildings, Queensland University of Technology.
Hirning, M.B., Lim, G.H., Reimann, G.P. (2016) Discomfort Glare in Energy Efficient Buildings: A Case Study in the Malaysian Context. In Proceedings of CIE 2016 Lighting Quality and Energy Efficiency, Melbourne, Australia, 3 – 5th March, 212 – 223.
Hopkinson, R.G., 1972. Glare from daylighting in buildings. Appl. Ergon. 3, 206–216.
Huizenga, C., Zhang, H., Mattelaer, P, Yu., E, Arens, E. (2006) Window Performance for Human Thermal Comfort Final report to the National Fenestration Rating Council.
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Inanici, M. 2013. Evaluation of high dynamic range image based sky model in lighting simulation. LEUKOS 7, 69-84.
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ISO 7726 (1998) Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment: Instruments for Measuring Physical Quantities International Standard.
ISO 9920 (2007) Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment: Estimation of Thermal Insulation and Water Vapour Resistance of a Clothing Ensemble International Standard.
Iwata, T., Tokura, M. (1998). Examination of the limitations of predicted glare sensation vote (PGSV) as a glare index for a large source: Towards a comprehensive development of discomfort glare evaluation. Lighting Research and Technology, Volume 30(2), 81–88.
Jakubiec, J. A., Reinhart, C.F. (2012) The ‘adaptive zone’: A concept for assessing discomfort glare throughout daylit spaces. Lighting Research and Technology. 44(2), 149–170.
Laforgue, P., Souyri, B., Fontoynont, M., Achard, G., Ge´nie, L., Supe´rieure, E., Ce´dex, A. V. (1997). Simulation of visual and thermal comfort related to daylighting and Solar radiation in office buildings. Prague: International Building Performance Simulation Association (IBPSA).
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Ludlow, A.M. (1976) The functions of windows in buildings, Light. Res. Technol., 8, 57–68.
Mangkuto, R. A., Kurnia, K.A., Azizah, D.A., Atmodipoero R. T., Soelami F.X.N. (2019) Determination of discomfort glare criteria for daylit space in Indonesia. Solar Energy, Volume 149, 151–163.
Narisada. K., Schreuder. D., 2004. Light pollution handbook: Volume 322. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2004.
Miri, M. 2013. A new HDR software. Presented in 12th International Radiance Conference, Colorado, 2012. Available at: https://www.radiance-online.org//community/workshops/2013-golden-co/MIRI_Aftab_HDRSoftware.pdf
Osterhaus, W. (2009) Design Guidelines for Glare-free Daylit Work Environments, 11th European Lighting Conference, Lux Europa. Istanbul, Turkey.
Rea, M. S., Figueiro, M. G. (2014). Quantifying light-dependent circadian disruption in humans and animal models. Chronobiology International, Volume 31(10), 1239–1246.
Sattayakorn, S. Ichinose M., Sasaki, R. (2017) Clarifying thermal comfort of healthcare occupants in tropical region:A case of indoor environment in Thai hospitals. Energy and Buildings, Volume 149, 45–57.
Shoemaker, A., Refinetti, R. (1996). Day–night difference in the preferred ambient temperature of human subjects. Physiology and Behavior, Volume 59(4), 1001–1003.
Suk, J.Y., Schiler, M., Kensek K. (2017) Investigation of existing discomfort glare indices using human subject study data, Building and Environment. Volume 113, 121-130.
Suk, J.Y. (2019) Luminance and vertical eye illuminance thresholds for occupants’ visual comfort in daylit office environments. Building and Environment.148, 107–115.
Tzempelikos, A., Bessoudo, M. Athienitis, A., Zmeureanu, R. (2007) The impact of shading on thermal comfort conditions in perimeter zones with glass facades, 2nd PALENC Conference and 28th AIVC Conference on Building Low Energy Cooling and Advanced Ventilation Technologies in the 21st Century, 1072-1077.
Wienold, J., Christoffersen, J. (2006) Evaluation methods and development of a new glare prediction model for daylight environments with the use of CCD cameras. Energy Build. 38, 743–757.
Wienold, J. (2009) Dynamic daylight glare evaluation. In: Proceedings of the 11th International IBPSA Conference, Glasgow.
Altomonte, S. & Schiavon, S. (2013) Occupant satisfaction in LEED and non-LEED certified buildings. Building and Environment, Volume 77, 148-159.
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), 2013. ASHRAE/ANSI Standard 55–2013: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy. Atlanta: ASHRAE.
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), 2016. ASHRAE/ANSI Standard 62.1–2016: User's Manual. Atlanta: ASHRAE.
Boyce, P.R., Eklund, N., Mangum, S., Saalfield, C., Tang, L. (1995) Minimum acceptable transmittance of glazing, Lighting Research & Technology, Volume 27, 145–52.
Boyce, P. 2003. Human factors in lighting (2rd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis/CRC Press.
Cantin F., Dubois F.C. (2011) Daylighting metrics based on illuminance, distribution, glare and directivity. Lighting Research and Technology, Volume 43, 291-307.
Carlucci, S., Causone, F., De Rosa, F., Pagliano, L. (2015) A review of indices for assessing visual comfort with a view to their use in optimization processes to support building integrated design. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 47, 1016-1033.
Chaiyapinunt, S., Phueakphongsuriya, B., Mongkornsaksit, K., Khomporn, N. (2005) Performance rating of glass windows and glass windows with films in aspect of thermal comfort and heat transmission. Energy and Buildings, Volume 37, 725–738.
Daich S., Yacine, S. M., Nourddine Z., Eugenio M., Barbara P. EA., Motie D. A., Towards a new model of light quality assessment based on occupants satisfaction and lighting glare indices. CISBAT International Conference – Future Buildings & Districts – Energy Efficiency from nano to urban scale. Laussane. Switzerland, 2017.
de Dear, R.J., Brager, G.S. (1998) To-wards an Adaptive Model of Thermal Comfort and Preference.” ASHRAE Transactions, Volume 104 (1), 145-167.
Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy , Thailand. 2006. Energy saving label for green products 2006.
Fanger, P.O. (1972) Thermal comfort. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Fukawa, Y., Ichinose, M., Tokuda, E. (2017) Field Investigation on Unacceptable Sensation of Thermal Environment in Taiwan Office. PLEA 2017 PROCEEDINGS, Volume 3, 111-119.
Hirning, M.B. (2014) The Application of Luminance Mapping to Discomfort Glare: a Modified Glare Index for Green Buildings, Queensland University of Technology.
Hirning, M.B., Lim, G.H., Reimann, G.P. (2016) Discomfort Glare in Energy Efficient Buildings: A Case Study in the Malaysian Context. In Proceedings of CIE 2016 Lighting Quality and Energy Efficiency, Melbourne, Australia, 3 – 5th March, 212 – 223.
Hopkinson, R.G., 1972. Glare from daylighting in buildings. Appl. Ergon. 3, 206–216.
Huizenga, C., Zhang, H., Mattelaer, P, Yu., E, Arens, E. (2006) Window Performance for Human Thermal Comfort Final report to the National Fenestration Rating Council.
Illuminating Engineering Association of Thailand (TIEA). (2016) Guidelines for Indoor Lighting Design. TIEA.
Inanici, M. 2013. Evaluation of high dynamic range image based sky model in lighting simulation. LEUKOS 7, 69-84.
International WELL building institute pbc and Delos Living LLC, 2019. The WELL building standard: V1 with Q1 2019 addenda. New York: WELL.
ISO 7726 (1998) Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment: Instruments for Measuring Physical Quantities International Standard.
ISO 9920 (2007) Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment: Estimation of Thermal Insulation and Water Vapour Resistance of a Clothing Ensemble International Standard.
Iwata, T., Tokura, M. (1998). Examination of the limitations of predicted glare sensation vote (PGSV) as a glare index for a large source: Towards a comprehensive development of discomfort glare evaluation. Lighting Research and Technology, Volume 30(2), 81–88.
Jakubiec, J. A., Reinhart, C.F. (2012) The ‘adaptive zone’: A concept for assessing discomfort glare throughout daylit spaces. Lighting Research and Technology. 44(2), 149–170.
Laforgue, P., Souyri, B., Fontoynont, M., Achard, G., Ge´nie, L., Supe´rieure, E., Ce´dex, A. V. (1997). Simulation of visual and thermal comfort related to daylighting and Solar radiation in office buildings. Prague: International Building Performance Simulation Association (IBPSA).
Laurentin, C., Bermtto, V., Fontoynont, M. (2000). Effect of thermal conditions and light source type on visual comfort appraisal. Lighting Research and Technology, Volume 32(4), 223–233. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), 2018. LEED BD+C V4. Washington D.C.: LEED.
Ludlow, A.M. (1976) The functions of windows in buildings, Light. Res. Technol., 8, 57–68.
Mangkuto, R. A., Kurnia, K.A., Azizah, D.A., Atmodipoero R. T., Soelami F.X.N. (2019) Determination of discomfort glare criteria for daylit space in Indonesia. Solar Energy, Volume 149, 151–163.
Narisada. K., Schreuder. D., 2004. Light pollution handbook: Volume 322. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2004.
Miri, M. 2013. A new HDR software. Presented in 12th International Radiance Conference, Colorado, 2012. Available at: https://www.radiance-online.org//community/workshops/2013-golden-co/MIRI_Aftab_HDRSoftware.pdf
Osterhaus, W. (2009) Design Guidelines for Glare-free Daylit Work Environments, 11th European Lighting Conference, Lux Europa. Istanbul, Turkey.
Rea, M. S., Figueiro, M. G. (2014). Quantifying light-dependent circadian disruption in humans and animal models. Chronobiology International, Volume 31(10), 1239–1246.
Sattayakorn, S. Ichinose M., Sasaki, R. (2017) Clarifying thermal comfort of healthcare occupants in tropical region:A case of indoor environment in Thai hospitals. Energy and Buildings, Volume 149, 45–57.
Shoemaker, A., Refinetti, R. (1996). Day–night difference in the preferred ambient temperature of human subjects. Physiology and Behavior, Volume 59(4), 1001–1003.
Suk, J.Y., Schiler, M., Kensek K. (2017) Investigation of existing discomfort glare indices using human subject study data, Building and Environment. Volume 113, 121-130.
Suk, J.Y. (2019) Luminance and vertical eye illuminance thresholds for occupants’ visual comfort in daylit office environments. Building and Environment.148, 107–115.
Tzempelikos, A., Bessoudo, M. Athienitis, A., Zmeureanu, R. (2007) The impact of shading on thermal comfort conditions in perimeter zones with glass facades, 2nd PALENC Conference and 28th AIVC Conference on Building Low Energy Cooling and Advanced Ventilation Technologies in the 21st Century, 1072-1077.
Wienold, J., Christoffersen, J. (2006) Evaluation methods and development of a new glare prediction model for daylight environments with the use of CCD cameras. Energy Build. 38, 743–757.
Wienold, J. (2009) Dynamic daylight glare evaluation. In: Proceedings of the 11th International IBPSA Conference, Glasgow.