Comparison of Photocatalytic Degradation Performance of TiO2-Polymer Based Composites in Wastewater Treatment

Authors

  • Witawat Singsang Department of Production Engineering and Quality Management, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University, Chanthaburi, 22000, Thailand.
  • Porphan Suttiwattana Department of Production Engineering and Quality Management, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University, Chanthaburi, 22000, Thailand.
  • Karn Nakaravarayut Department of Production Engineering and Quality Management, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University, Chanthaburi, 22000, Thailand.
  • Natkrita Prasoetsopha Department of Materials and Medical Technology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
  • Peerawas Kongsong Department of Materials and Medical Technology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
  • Ing-orn Sittitanadol Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus, Khon Kaen, 40000, Thailand.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55674/ias.v14i2.260765

Keywords:

Photocatalyst, Composite material, Titanium dioxide, Wastewater treatment

Abstract

The composites of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles loaded on polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) were prepared using an internal mixer process, followed by compression molding to form sheets for photocatalytic applications. These composite sheets were evaluated for their effectiveness in degrading methylene blue and treating wastewater from a natural source. The morphology of the composite sheets was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their water absorption properties were evaluated according to the ASTM D570 standards. It was found that the TiO2/ABS exhibited the highest photodegradation efficiency, achieving a 31.38% degradation rate within 6 h under UV irradiation. This result highlights the potential of TiO2/ABS for effective and sustainable wastewater treatment applications.

References

X. Gao, P.-G. Ren, J. Wang, F. Ren, Z. Dai, Y.-L. Jin, Fabrication of visible-light responsive TiO2@C photocatalyst with an ultrathin carbon layer to efficiently degrade organic pollutants, Appl. Surf. Sci. 532 (2020) 147482.

S.K. Ray, J. Cho, J. Hur, A critical review on strategies for improving efficiency of BaTiO3-based photocatalysts for wastewater treatment. J. Environ. Manage. 290 (2021) 112679.

S. Li, H. Ma, P. Ouyang, Y. Li, Y. Duan, Y. Zhou, W.-J. Ong, F. Dong, Advanced microwave synthesis strategies for innovative photocatalyst design. Green Energy Environ. (2024).

F. Zhang, C. Liu, S. Wang, Y. Zhang, Fabricating efficient SnO2/hydrochar heterojunction visible light photocatalyst for Cr(VI) reduction. J. Mol. Struct. 1336 (2025) 142084.

A. El Golli, M. Fendrich, N. Bazzanella, C. Dridi, A. Miotello, M. Orlandi, Wastewater remediation with ZnO photocatalysts: Green synthesis and solar concentration as an economically and environmentally viable route to application. J. Environ. Manage. 286 (2021) 112226.

C.N.C. Hitam, A.A. Jalil, A review on exploration of Fe2O3 photocatalyst towards degradation of dyes and organic contaminants. J. Environ. Manage. 258 (2020) 110050.

M. Sadia, R. Naz, J. Khan, M. Zahoor, R. Ullah, R. Khan, S. Naz, H.S. Almoallim, S.A. Alharbi, Metal doped titania nanoparticles as efficient photocatalyst for dyes degradation. J. King Saud Univ. Sci. 33(2) (2021) 101312.

D. Chen, Y. Cheng, N. Zhou, P. Chen, Y. Wang, K. Li, S. Huo, P. Cheng, P. Peng, R. Zhang, L. Wang, H. Liu, Y. Liu, R. Ruan, Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants using TiO2-based photocatalysts: A review. J. Cleaner Prod. 268 (2020) 121725.

F. Amano, A. Yamamoto, J. Kumagai, Highly active rutile TiO2 for photocatalysis under violet light irradiation at 405 nm. Catal. 12(10) (2022) 1079.

M. Gao, T. Zhang, S.W.L. Ng, W. Lu, G. Tian, W.L. Ong, S.M. Kozlov, G.W. Ho, Polymeric layered films for TiO2-Au/CuS tandem photothermal catalytic H2 production in harsh seawater and waste plastic media. Adv. Energy Mater. (2025) 2404198.

B.C. Benuto, S.B.R. Berton, M.P. Ferreira, M.A. Silva, P.P. Silva, J.B. Junior, A.M.S. Plath, R. de Matos, Synthesis of electrospun polymer nanofiber membranes with TiO2 particles for the photocatalytic degradation of venlafaxine. Chem. Pap. (2025).

A.S. Adday, S.M. Al-Jubouri, Photocatalytic oxidative removal of the organic pollutant from wastewater using recyclable Ag2O@CRA heterojunction photocatalyst. Case Stud. Chem. Environ. Eng. 10 (2024) 100852.

Z. Zhao, W. Cai, Z. Xu, X. Mu, X. Ren, B. Zou, Z. Gui, Y. Hu, Multi-role p-styrene sulfonate assisted electrochemical preparation of functionalized graphene nanosheets for improving fire safety and mechanical property of polystyrene composites. Composites, Part B. 181 (2020) 107544.

A.T. Phung, H.T. Dzung, N.P.D. Linh, V.M. Duc, N.T. Liem, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/wood sawdust particles composites: mechanical and morphological properties. Iran. Polym. J. 33(1) (2024) 67 – 78.

A. Shebani, A. Klash, R. Elhabishi, S. Abdsalam, H. Elbreki, W. Elhrair, The influence of LDPE content on the mechanical properties of HDPE/LDPE blends. Res. Dev. Mater. Sci. 7 (2018).

A.R. Brás, A. Arizaga, D. Sokolova, U. Agirre, M.T. Viciosa, A. Radulescu, S.F. Prévost, M. Kruteva, W. Pyckhout-Hintzen, A. M. Schmidt, Influence of polymer polarity and association strength on the properties of poly(alkyl ether)-based supramolecular melts. Macromol. 55(22) (2022) 10014 – 10030.

M. Lay, N.L.N. Thajudin, Z.A.A. Hamid, A. Rusli, M.K. Abdullah, R.K. Shuib, Comparison of physical and mechanical properties of PLA, ABS and nylon 6 fabricated using fused deposition modeling and injection molding. Composites, Part B. 176 (2019) 107341.

M. Mandegari, H. Fashandi, Untapped potentials of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene/polyurethane (ABS/PU) blend membrane to purify dye wastewater. J. Environ. Manage. 197 (2017) 464 – 475.

L. Han, L. Shen, H. Lin, Z. Huang, Y. Xu, R. Li, B. Li, C. Chen, W. yu, J. Teng, 3D printing titanium dioxide-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (TiO(2)-ABS) composite membrane for efficient oil/water separation. Chemosphere. 315 (2023) 137791.

A. Enesca, C. Cazan, Polymer composite-based materials with photocatalytic applications in wastewater organic pollutant removal: A Mini Review. Polym. (Basel). 14(16) (2022).

F. Vento, A. Nicosia, L. Mezzina, G. Racity, A. Gulino, M. Condorelli, L. D’Urso, G. De Guidi, P. Mineo, Photocatalytic activity of TiO2-containing nanocomposites versus the chemical nature of the polymeric matrices: a comparison. Adv. Mater. Technol. 8(17) (2023) 2300391.

P. Lei, F. Wang, X. Gao, Y. Ding, S. Zhang, J. Zhao, S. Liu, M. Yang, Immobilization of TiO2 nanoparticles in polymeric substrates by chemical bonding for multi-cycle photodegradation of organic pollutants. J. Hazard. Mater. 227-228 (2012) 185 – 94.

L. Liu, W. Jiang, X. Song, Q. Duan, E. Zhu, A novel Strategy of Lock-in Effect between Conjugated Polymer and TiO2 towards Dramatic Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity under Visible Light. Sci Rep. 10(1) (2020) 6513.

O.M. Ishchenko, G. Lamblin, J. Guillot, I.C. Infante, M. Guennou, N. Adjeroud, I. Fechete, F. Garin, P. Turek, D. Lenoble, Mesoporous TiO2 anatase films for enhanced photocatalytic activity under UV and visible light. RSC Adv. 10(63) (2020) 38233 – 38243.

X.-x. Sun, G. Liu, R. Li, Y. Meng, J. Wu, Polyporous PVDF/TiO2 photocatalytic composites for photocatalyst fixation, recycle, and repair. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 104(12) (2021) 6290 – 6298.

H. Wang, L. Zhang, R. Wu, H. Zhao, Enhancing dissolved oxygen concentrations prediction in water bodies: a temporal transformer approach with multi-site meteorological data graph embedding. Water. 15(17) (2023) 3029.

Z. Zhu, S. Zhou, D. Tian, G.-Z. Li, G. Chen, D. Fang, J. Cao, F. Wang, W. Wang, X. He, W. Zhang, Fabrication of polydopamine/hemin/TiO2 composites with enhanced visible light absorption for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Polym. 17(3) (2025) 311.

F. Dalto, I. Kuźniarska-Biernacka, C. Pereira, E. Mesquita, O.S. Soares, M.F.R. Perira, M.J. Rosa, A.S. Mestre, A.P. Carvalho, C. Freire, Solar light-induced methylene blue removal over TiO2/AC composites and photocatalytic regeneration. Nano Mater. 11(11) (2021) 3016.

Downloads

Published

2025-05-19

How to Cite

Singsang, W., Suttiwattana, P. ., Nakaravarayut, K. ., Prasoetsopha, N. ., Kongsong, P. ., & Sittitanadol, I.- orn. (2025). Comparison of Photocatalytic Degradation Performance of TiO2-Polymer Based Composites in Wastewater Treatment. Indochina Applied Sciences, 14(2), 260765. https://doi.org/10.55674/ias.v14i2.260765