Properties and Experiment of Oriented Strand Board Made from Rice Straw and Maize Husk

Abstract

              The objective of this research is to study the properties of oriented strand board made from rice straw and maize husk. The board is produced like a flat monolayer.  Regarding the process of producing, they use synthetic adhesive urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) and synthetic adhesive Polymeric Diphenylmethane Di-isocyanate resin (pMDI) 10% for 5 minutes.  The board has a density at 600 kg m^-3 and 15 mm. thickness. After that, it is tested for physical, mechanical and Thermal properties, according to the Industrial Standards of TIS.876-2547, ASTM D 1037-1999, ASTM D 256-2006a.  The thermal properties are also tested, according to ASTM C 177-2010.The study reveals that rice straw and maize husks can be pressed into an oriented strand board. They have required physical the properties, and mechanical the properties meet the Industry Standard TIS 876-2547. The properties taken into consideration are; a density, moisture, water absorption and thickness swelling, bending force resistance and modulus of elasticity resistance, the bond strength of screws, tensile strength being perpendicular to the surface, tensile strength and impact strength. According to the study using two types of adhesives, it is found that synthetic Polymeric Diphenylmethane Di-isocyanate resin provides the best mechanical properties. For the thermal the properties, it is found that the thermal conductivity and resistance of the board made from rice straw is better than the maize husk. According to the economic analysis of producing a piece into an oriented strand board of rice straw and maize husks, forming size at 40 × 40 cm², when comparing with the market price, it is found that the production cost of a board of 15 mm. thick, with adhesive urea-formaldehyde resin is 43.12 baht. Similarly, the board using adhesive synthetic Polymeric Diphenylmethane Di-isocyanate resin costs 45.78 baht.