Settlement of River Dykes and Their Adjacent Residences on Soft Clay Deposits After the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake in 2011

Abstract

Among the extensive infrastructure collapses which resulted from the cataclysmic earthquake that struck off the eastern coast of Japan on March 11, 2011, long-term settlement and deformation of clay deposits during the earthquakes has sometimes been overlooked. This paper describes a case history of post-earthquake settlement of clay deposits underlying river dykes and their adjacent residences. Particularly, an attempt is made to assess reactive countermeasures designed to mitigate damage from such settlement and deformation.