Reuse and Recycling of Clayey Soil in Pasir Panjang Terminal Phases 3 and 4 Project in Singapore

Abstract

In order to increase the handling capacity of ports in Singapore, the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) has embarked on massive port development projects for the past decade. One of the major projects was the Reclamation for Pasir Panjang Terminal Phases 3 and 4, completed in April 2015. The project provided 200 hectares of port land equipped with 5.7 km of berthing facilities to accommodate ultra-large container ships. In this project, MPA embraced sustainable development by reusing dredged and excavated clayey soil as reclamation fill and as fill material to form a containment bund within the footprint of the project. Nearly half of the reclamation fill consisted of clayey soil, which was improved using prefabricated vertical drains with surcharge. The containment bund, which served as a temporary earth-retaining system during reclamation filling, was formed using geotextile tubes filled with clayey soil treated with cement. This paper describes the innovative design and construction in the project.